Characterization of the surface layers formed on titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation

Modification of niobium surfaces using plasma electrolytic oxidation in silicate solutions

“…The analysis of the XRD patterns of the samples that were subjected to anodisation performed at 400 V in various baths showed that the amount of the Nb-containing crystalline phases did not markedly changed with the K 2 SiO 3 concentration. The XRD patterns of the niobium samples that have been subjected to PEO (under voltage of 400 V) show a characteristic halo between 2θ equal to 15°and 30°, which was also recognised by other researchers [46,47,49,51] to be a signal of amorphous silica phase. This effect is the most pronounced in the case of the Nb-ANO-1.0-400 (Fig.…”

Effect of duty cycle on the crystallinity, pore size, surface roughness and corrosion resistance of the anodized surface on titanium

“…No broad XRD intensity peaks indicative of an amorphous phase were detected for any of the specimens, therefore the formed oxides are considered to be primarily crystalline. [59,60] Anatase peak intensities were found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) for the 2% and 5% duty cycles compared to the other duty cycles tested. The 2% and 5% DTC also showed the highest rutile levels present for group B specimens.…”

Development of titanium oxide layer containing nanocrystalline zirconia particles with tetragonal structure: Structural and biological characteristics

“…Pure titanium and its alloys are considered good candidate materials for use in orthopedic and dental implants due to their high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good chemical inertia in the human body [1][2][3][4]. On the other hand, the passive layer of titanium in nature exhibits bio-inert properties which leads to a delayed bone/implant interlocking time after surgical implantation [5].…”