Characterization of the Structure, Mechanical Properties and Erosive Resistance of the Laser Cladded Inconel 625-Based Coatings Reinforced by TiC Particles

Kotarska, Aleksandra; Poloczek, Tomasz; Janicki, D.

doi:10.3390/ma14092225

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main benefits of laser welding compared to arc welding are: (1) by adjusting the laser metal interaction, the dimension and melt pool geometry can be controlled, which would be difficult to achieve with an arc-welding method; (2) because of the high energy density in laser welding, a nominal heat-affected zone is created; (3) higher cooling and solidification levels compared to other fusion welding methods; and (4) localized and focused heating [10][11][12][13][14]. Furthermore, with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), managing the temperature ranges is not feasible as the temperature required to melt the aluminum will only wet the steel [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Laser Welding of UNS S33207 Hyper-Duplex Stainless Steel to 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using High Entropy Alloy as a Filler Material

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The high entropy alloy (HEA) filler used during the fabrication method determines the reliability of HEAs for steel-aluminum dissimilar alloy configuration. HEAs have a direct impact on the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMC) formed by the interaction of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), and influence the size of the joint’s interaction zone. A novel welding process for Fe-Al alloy joints was developed to prevent the development of a brittle iron-aluminum interface. This research involved investigation of the possibility of using HEA powdered filler. Fe5Co20Ni20Mn35Cu20 HEAs was used as a filler for the laser joining lap configuration joining hyper-duplex stainless steel UNS S33207 to aluminum alloy 6061. This HEA has unique properties, such as high strength, good ductility, and high resistance to corrosion and wear. A tiny portion of the stainless-steel area was melted by varying the welding parameters. The high-entropy alloy (HEA) with slow kinetic diffusion and large entropy was employed to aid in producing solid solution structures, impeding the blending of iron and aluminum particles and hindering the development of Fe-Al IMCs. The weld seam was created without the use of Fe-Al IMCs,. The specimen broke at the HEAs/Al alloy interface with a tensile-shear strength of 237 MPa. The tensile-shear strength achieved was 12.86% higher than for the base metal AA 6061 and 75.57% lower than for the UNS S33207 hyper-duplex stainless steel.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Laser Welding of UNS S33207 Hyper-Duplex Stainless Steel to 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using High Entropy Alloy as a Filler Material

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In multiple industry sectors, direct metal deposition (DMD) is present today. It can provide a bandwidth of different processes such as cladding of surfaces [ 1 , 2 ] as well as the repairing [ 3 , 4 ] and additive manufacturing of parts [ 5 , 6 ]. In this process, a high-power laser generates a melt pool on the surface of a metallic material, and filler material (commonly in powder form) is simultaneously delivered into the melt pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Line Observation of Laser Cladding Processes via Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Schmidt

Huke

Gerhard³

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Direct metal deposition (DMD) can be used for the cladding of surfaces as well as repairing and additive manufacturing of parts and features. Process monitoring and control methods ensure a consistent quality during manufacturing. Monitoring by optical emission spectroscopy of the process radiation can provide information on process conditions and the deposition layer. The object of this work is to measure optical emissions from the process using a spectrometer and identify element lines within the spectra. Single spectra have been recorded from the process. Single tracks of Co-based powder (MetcoClad21) were clad on an S235 base material. The influence of varying process parameters on the incidence and intensity of element lines has been investigated. Moreover, the interactions between the laser beam, powder jet, and substrate with regard to spectral emissions have been examined individually. The results showed that element lines do not occur regularly. Therefore, single spectra are sorted into spectra including element lines (type A) and those not including element lines (type B). Furthermore, only non-ionised elements could be detected, with chromium appearing frequently. It was shown that increasing the laser power increases the incidence of type A spectra and the intensity of specific Cr I lines. Moreover, element lines only occurred frequently during the interaction of the laser beam with the melt pool of the deposition layer.

show abstract

“…Directed Energy Deposition (DED) can be used in a wide range of different applications such as cladding of surfaces [1,2] as well as the repairing [3,4] and additive manufacturing of parts [5,6]. In this process, a high-power laser generates a melt pool on the surface of a metallic material, and filler material (commonly in powder form) is simultaneously delivered into the melt pool.…”

Section: Overview About Directed Energy Deposition Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Cladding With Combined NIR and Blue Diode Laser Including In-Line Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Schmidt

Kohler²,

Gerhard

et al. 2023

Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For Directed Energy Deposition processes (DED) lasers in the near infrared (NIR) as well as in the infrared (IR) range are predominantly used. Recent developments have also made high-power lasers in the visible spectrum available. As the DED process is used for cladding of surfaces, repairing and additive manufacturing of components, process monitoring and control methods are necessary to ensure a consistent manufacturing quality. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of the process radiation can provide information on process conditions and the deposition layer during DED processes. However, DED processes are in the heat conduction regime and superimposed broad spectral emissions dominate the wavelength specific signals. The object of this work is to compare the process behavior using a NIR and blue diode laser separately as well as in combination. The influence of the laser wavelength on the cladding result as well as on the emitted process radiation is to be determined. Therefore, single tracks of Co-based powder (MetcoClad21) were clad on an S235 base material by using each laser source separately as well as in combination. Both laser beams were combined within a single hybrid optic. While the scan speed and powder feed rate remained constant, the laser power was varied. Single spectra have been recorded from the process using a spectrometer. Single spectra are sorted and element lines were identified. Only non-ionised elements could be detected, with chromium appearing frequently. It was shown that comparable results in terms of cladding quality can be produced independently from the laser wavelength. In fact, less laser power (app. 30% less, 1 kW at 980 nm (NIR) compared to 0.7 kW at 450 nm (blue)) was needed aiming for comparable results in geometrical factors (as dilution, height, depth, width) and homogeneity (chemical composition distribution) by using blue laser irradiation. Furthermore, more spectrometric signals (approx. 2–28 times more) were detected compared to experiments using only NIR irradiation with the same laser power. This effect is particularly high at low laser powers and decreases with increasing power. Hence, it is possible to enable in-line process analysis by adding blue laser irradiation to the mix of the beam.

show abstract

Characterization of the Structure, Mechanical Properties and Erosive Resistance of the Laser Cladded Inconel 625-Based Coatings Reinforced by TiC Particles

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

RETRACTED: Laser Welding of UNS S33207 Hyper-Duplex Stainless Steel to 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using High Entropy Alloy as a Filler Material

RETRACTED: Laser Welding of UNS S33207 Hyper-Duplex Stainless Steel to 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using High Entropy Alloy as a Filler Material

In-Line Observation of Laser Cladding Processes via Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Laser Cladding With Combined NIR and Blue Diode Laser Including In-Line Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About