Characterization of the shallow structures of active fault zones using 3‐D ground‐penetrating radar data

McClymont, Alastair; Green, Alan G.; Villamor, Pilar; Horstmeyer, Heinrich; Grass, C.; Nobes, David C.

doi:10.1029/2007jb005402

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Both our simulated profiles and the field data showed similar bottom boundary of sedimental layer. However, it is hard to see the buried fault directly from the field GPR profiles [McClymont et al, 2008], possibly due to the complicated fault system in the real case.…”

Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[28] As case studies, we show some potential applications of our parallel PSTD technique in subdisciplines of geophysics such as applied geophysics and paleoseismology, based on field GPR data on Longhorn and Dallas lakes in Alaska [Arcone et al, 2006] and across the Wellington fault zone, respectively [McClymont et al, 2008].…”

Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we make the sensitivity analysis of GPR model parameters such as dielectric coefficient and conductivity; next, we apply our parallel PSTD method to a 3-D model combined by a shallow horizontal ruptured zone and two deep anomalous objects with different dielectric coefficients and conductivity; then we show an example of a GPR model embedded by a dipping fault; finally, we test our technique using field GPR data on Longhorn and Dallas lakes in Alaska [Arcone et al, 2006] and across the Wellington fault zone [McClymont et al, 2008]; that is, we adopt the GPR interpretation [Arcone et al, 2006;McClymont et al, 2008] as our forward model, calculate GPR profiles using our technique, and compare our simulation results with the field GPR data.…”

Section: Applications In Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30] As the application of GPR in imaging active fault, we adopted the interpretation of GPR survey across the Wellington fault zone [McClymont et al, 2008] as the forward model (the vertical cross section (xz plane) of the model is given in Figure 10a), and calculated GPR profiles using our technique. The main features of the Wellington fault zone can be revealed in our simulated results (Figure 10b).…”

Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being conducive for detailed mapping of subsurface stratigraphy and imaging fault-offset layers or fault planes [Cai et al, 1996;Gross et al, 2002Gross et al, , 2004Green et al, 2003], GPR has the advantages of being low cost, easy to apply, and nondestructive to candidate paleoseismic sites [Anderson et al, 2003] and investigation of active faults [Slater and Niemi, 2003]. Thus GPR is capable of providing vivid subsurface images that can be correlated with trench excavations in paleoseismology and study on regional seismic hazard [McClymont et al, 2008[McClymont et al, , 2009a[McClymont et al, , 2009b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A parallel 3‐D staggered grid pseudospectral time domain method for ground‐penetrating radar wave simulation

Huang

Wang

2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We presented a parallel 3-D staggered grid pseudospectral time domain (PSTD) method for simulating ground-penetrating radar (GPR) wave propagation. We took the staggered grid method to weaken the global effect in PSTD and developed a modified fast Fourier transform (FFT) spatial derivative operator to eliminate the wraparound effect due to the implicit periodical boundary condition in FFT operator. After the above improvements, we achieved the parallel PSTD computation based on an overlap domain decomposition method without any absorbing condition for each subdomain, which can significantly reduce the required grids in each overlap subdomain comparing with other proposed algorithms. We test our parallel technique for some numerical models and obtained consistent results with the analytical ones and/or those of the nonparallel PSTD method. The above numerical tests showed that our parallel PSTD algorithm is effective in simulating 3-D GPR wave propagation, with merits of saving computation time, as well as more flexibility in dealing with complicated models without losing the accuracy. The application of our parallel PSTD method in applied geophysics and paleoseismology based on GPR data confirmed the efficiency of our algorithm and its potential applications in various subdisciplines of solid earth geophysics. This study would also provide a useful parallel PSTD approach to the simulation of other geophysical problems on distributed memory PC cluster.

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Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications In Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studies Of Gpr Simulations and Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A parallel 3‐D staggered grid pseudospectral time domain method for ground‐penetrating radar wave simulation

Huang

Wang

2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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Imaging mass‐wasting sliding surfaces within complex glacial deposits along coastal cliffs using geophysics

Blondel

Uhlemann

Inauen

et al. 2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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This study presents a multidisciplinary survey combining geological fieldwork and geophysical data to better constrain the parameters influencing the morphology and behaviour of a retreating coastal cliff. Erosion rates are spatially highly variable and hard to predict because of the manifold parameters acting on them. Among these parameters, rock resistance exerts a paramount influence on cliff retreat. Characterizing the rock resistance distribution along a coastal region requires the mapping of several key subsurface properties including the bulk lithology, faulting, fracturing, or weathering. This is a difficult and expensive task because of the high spatial variability of these factors linked to the spatial complexity of the geology. Geophysical methods can be used to tackle this challenge by quickly providing the 3D visualization and distribution of these parameters within the subsurface. A fast-eroding portion of the Norfolk coast (UK) at West Runton is investigated using a multidisciplinary approach, combining ground-penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), cone penetration tests, and outcrop studies. The results allowed us to build a 3D geological and geophysical model of a highly complex area of glacial geology. It forms part of a relict glaciotectonic thrust-tip moraine and sand basin sequence. The surfaces interpreted on radar data are associated with strong resistivity contrasts on the ERT data. These contrasts have been attributed to petrophysical variations between the lithological units. The base of the sand basin is marked by a low-permeability clay bed. Its low shear strength is likely to be more susceptible to failure, hereby accelerating the erosion rate of an already fast-eroding sand basin.The resulting model can be used as input for locally constraining the ground parameters in coastal recession and erosion models.

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Stratigraphic architecture and fault offsets of alluvial terraces at Te Marua, Wellington fault, New Zealand, revealed by pseudo‐3D GPR investigation

et al. 2013

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[1] Past earthquake slips on faults are commonly determined by measuring morphological offsets at current ground surface. Because those offsets might not always be well preserved, we examine whether the first 10 m below ground surface contains relevant information to complement them. We focus on the Te Marua site, New Zealand, where 11 alluvial terraces have been dextrally offset by the Wellington fault. We investigated the site using pseudo-3D Ground Penetrating Radar and also produced a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the zone to constrain the surface slip record. The GPR data reveal additional information: (1) they image the 3D stratigraphic architecture of the seven youngest terraces and show that they are strath terraces carved into graywacke bedrock. Each strath surface is overlain by 3-5 m of horizontally bedded gravel sheets, including two pronounced and traceable reflectors; (2) thanks to the multilayer architecture, terrace risers and channels are imaged at three depths and their lateral offsets can be measured three to four times, constraining respective offsets and their uncertainties more reliably; and (3) the offsets are better preserved in the subsurface than at the ground surface, likely due to subsequent erosion-deposition on the latter. From surface and subsurface data, we infer that Te Marua has recorded six cumulative offsets of 2.9, 7.6, 18, 23.2, 26, and 31 m (± 1-2 m). Large earthquakes on southern Wellington fault might produce 3-5 m of slip, slightly less than previously proposed. Pseudo-3D GPR thus provides a novel paleoseismological tool to complement and refine surface investigations.Citation: Beaupreˆtre, S., I. Manighetti, S. Garambois, J. Malavieille, and S. Dominguez (2013), Stratigraphic architecture and fault offsets of alluvial terraces at Te Marua, Wellington fault, New Zealand, revealed by pseudo-3D GPR investigation,

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Characterization of the shallow structures of active fault zones using 3‐D ground‐penetrating radar data

Cited by 52 publications

References 55 publications

A parallel 3‐D staggered grid pseudospectral time domain method for ground‐penetrating radar wave simulation

A parallel 3‐D staggered grid pseudospectral time domain method for ground‐penetrating radar wave simulation

Imaging mass‐wasting sliding surfaces within complex glacial deposits along coastal cliffs using geophysics

Stratigraphic architecture and fault offsets of alluvial terraces at Te Marua, Wellington fault, New Zealand, revealed by pseudo‐3D GPR investigation

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