Characterization of the passive component of force enhancement following active stretching of skeletal muscle

Herzog, Walter; Schachar, Ronald A.; Leonard, Tim

doi:10.1242/jeb.00645

Cited by 72 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…At this angle, it can be speculated that the sarcomeres are in an "excellent" position for the formation of cross-bridges. Since the muscles are slightly stretched, there is a contribution from the elastic elements of the muscles, to force production 21,22,23 . After this point, the force decreases because of the muscle shortening and because of the reduced possibility of forming new crossbridges 11,23,24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

Toledo

Ribeiro

Loss

2007

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Introduction: Knowledge of torque and force production capacity and moment arm patterns throughout the movement, and their influence on the torque produced, are essential for understanding human movement and may be of great use for controlling the overload imposed on the muscle-tendon structure. Objective: To present mechanical criteria for progression in internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) exercises of the shoulder in the sagittal plane. Method: Six individuals were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer and an electrogoniometer. From the data collected, the mean torque, mean resultant force and weighted mean moment arm were calculated using the SAD32 and Matlab ® software. Results: The angles at which the peak ER and IR torque occurred were -34° and 6º with values of 43 Nm and 69 Nm, respectively. The peaks for ER and IR muscle force were at 35º and -14º, and the values at these angles were 10227 N and 8464 N, respectively. The weighted mean moment arm for ER presented an increasing pattern over the whole range of motion (ROM) and the peak was at the end of the ROM, i.e. at -50º (0.91 cm). The weighted mean moment arm for IR was almost constant with its peak at 50º (0.96 cm). Conclusion: The mechanical criteria for progression in internal and external rotation exercises of the shoulder are torque, force and weighted mean moment arm because different overloads on the muscle-tendon structure can be caused according to their patterns over the ROM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

Toledo

Ribeiro

Loss

2007

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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“…Another explanation is the contribution of the passive elements during the ECC action to compensate the lack of the contractile materials (i.e. fewer cross bridges) 3,24 which might have an effect on the neuromuscular activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute neuromuscular response during eccentric overload protocol by using a mechanical device to increase the load

Lanza

Pertence

Andrade

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The aim of this study was to propose a mechanical device that could increase the mechanical load during the entire eccentric (ECC) action on a knee flexor machine and to compare the muscular activity when the device was used during a testing protocol. Fifteen physically active women were recruited, and they performed two protocols: control and eccentric overload. Control protocol was performed with concentric (CON) and ECC actions with similar load (60% of one repetition maximum) whilst eccentric overload protocol consisted of ECC actions with 40% more load than CON actions. Muscular activation was measured using surface electromyography of the biceps femoris (BF) and the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles. ECC actions presented a higher muscular activation during eccentric overload protocol than control protocol for BF (p = 0.032), but not for the GM (p = 0.439). The mechanical device increased the mechanical load during the ECC muscle action and consequently increased the amplitude of the neural drive to the BF muscle; however, it did not increase the amplitude of the neural drive to the GM muscle.Key words: Electromyography; Muscle contraction; Resistance training. Resumo -O objetivo deste estudo foi propor um dispositivo mecânico que acoplado a uma cadeira flexora aumente a carga mecânica durante toda a ação excêntrica (ECC) e comparar a atividade muscular durante a utilização do dispositivo proposto. Quinze mulheres fisicamente ativas foram recrutadas e realizaram dois diferentes protocolos (controle e sobrecarga ECC). O protocolo controle foi realizado com ações concêntricas (CON) e ECC com carga iguais (60% de uma repetição máxima), enquanto o protocolo de sobrecarga ECC consistiu em ações ECC com 40% mais de carga do que as ações CON. A ativação muscular dos músculos biceps femoris (BF) e gastrocnemius medialis (GM

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“…Studies show that FE is instantly abolished if the amplitude of the preceding shortening is equal to or higher than the magnitude of stretching employed (36,79).…”

Section: Theory Of Non-uniformity and Instability Of Sarcomerementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a effect of the elastic force (passive), there is ample evidence that FE is caused by muscle elasticity characteristics are (7,32,33,35,79,97).…”

Section: Theory Of Non-uniformity and Sarcomere Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This theory is based on the scanning mechanism of the elastic force in parallel, with the titin filament assuming the main role (32,39,66,79,80,89,90,91,92,93). Such filaments would be responsible for producing the voltage required to maintain the centering, the length and the ideal overlap between the actin and myosin.…”

Section: Elastic Components In Parallel Recruitment Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in isometric force after active shortening and lengthening and their mechanisms: a review

Lima

Farinatti²,

Monteiro

et al. 2014

Fisioter. mov.

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Introduction:The isometric force history dependence of skeletal muscle has been studied along the last one hundred years. Several theories have been formulated to explain and establish the causes of the phenomenon, but not successfully, as they have not been fully accepted and demonstrated, and much controversy on such a subject still remains. Objective: To present a systematic literature review on the dynamics of the mechanisms of force depression and force enhancement after active shortening and lengthening, respectively, identifying the key variables involved in the phenomenon, and to date to present the main theories and hypothesis developed trying to explaining it. Method: The procedure of literature searching complied the major databases, including articles either, those which directly investigated the phenomena of force depression and force enhancement or those which presented possible causes and mechanisms associated with their respective events, from the earliest studies published until the year of 2010. Results: 97

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Characterization of the passive component of force enhancement following active stretching of skeletal muscle

Cited by 72 publications

References 28 publications

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

Acute neuromuscular response during eccentric overload protocol by using a mechanical device to increase the load

Variation in isometric force after active shortening and lengthening and their mechanisms: a review

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