Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

García-Porta, Nery; Gantes-Nuñez, Francisco Javier; Tabernero, Juan; Pardhan, Shahina

doi:10.1364/josaa.36.001015

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…4,5 The observed differences in OST might have also resulted from vascular changes: surface temperature directly correlate with tissue blood-flow. Since IOP is has been shown to inversely correlate with ocular blood flow, the OST of glaucoma eyes is expected to be lower than observed in healthy eyes, similar to the findings described by Garcia-Porta et al 21 However, in our cohort due to proper management, the mean IOP of the glaucomatous eyes was similar to that measured in healthy eyes. Therefore, the effects of changes in ocular blood supply on thermal dynamics of the ocular surface were obscured by that of the low-grade inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…11,12,15 Currently, only a few small studies have examined the use of OST measurements in the setting of glaucoma. 13,21 Based on previous reports we hypothesized that the OST can be affected by the inflammatory processes involved in the pathophysiology of glaucoma. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis by comparing the thermographic measurements of OST in the eyes of healthy subjects with those of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or pseudo exfoliation glaucoma (PXFG), and determine whether these measurements can be used as a disease biomarker.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular surface temperature differences in glaucoma

Leshno

Stern

Barkana

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and immune response are part of the sequence of pathological events leading to optic nerve damage in glaucoma. Changes in tissue temperature due to inflammation can be measured by thermographic imaging. We investigated the ocular surface temperature (OST) profile of glaucomatous eyes to better understand the pathophysiology of these conditions. Methods: Subjects diagnosed with glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma [POAG] or pseudo exfoliation glaucoma [PXFG]) treated at the Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center (11/2019–11/2020.) were recruited. Healthy subjects with no ocular disease served as controls. The Therm-App thermal imaging camera was used for OST acquisition. Room and body temperatures were recorded, and the mean temperatures of the medial cantus, lateral cantus, and cornea were calculated with image processing software. Results: Thermographic images were obtained from 52 subjects (52 eyes: 25 POAG and 27 PXFG) and 66 controls (66 eyes). Eyes with glaucoma had a significantly higher OST compared to controls (mean 0.9 ± 0.3°C, p < 0.005). The difference between the two groups remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP) and room and body temperatures. Lens status and topical IOP-lowering medication did not significantly affect OST. A subgroup analysis revealed that the OST was higher among eyes with POAG compared to eyes with PXFG, but not significantly. Conclusions: Differences in the OST between glaucomatous and normal eyes strengthens current thinking that inflammation affects the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Longitudinal studies are warranted to establish the prognostic value of thermographic evaluations in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular surface temperature differences in glaucoma

Leshno

Stern

Barkana

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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show abstract

“…Second, the applicability of results from the current study to different patient groups with ocular surface abnormalities, dry eye, ocular inflammation, or other ocular diseases, as well as individuals wearing contact lenses, must be clarified. 15 , 23 , 24 , 27 – 31 Finally, the current study did not control the timing of the photographs after blinking and did not compare different shapes and sizes of central corneal areas for temperature calculations. 30 The influences of these parameters on the stability of temperature measurement are unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Relative Stability of Regional Facial and Ocular Temperature Measurements in Healthy Individuals

Micheletti

El-Nimri

Weinreb

et al. 2022

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose Non-contact measurement of facial temperature using infrared thermography has been used for mass screening of body temperature during a pandemic. We investigated the relative stability of temperature measurement in different facial regions of healthy individuals. Methods Twenty healthy subjects underwent two experiments. In the first experiment, subjects washed their faces with a 20°C wet towel for 1 minute. Temperature changes compared to baseline in the forehead, cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus were determined using an infrared camera for 10 minutes. In the second experiment, lubricating eye drops at 20°C were instilled over one eye. Temperature changes in the same regions of interest were monitored for 5 minutes. Results Baseline temperatures before face washing in the forehead and cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus of the right eye were 33.4°C ± 0.8°C (mean ± SD), 33.3°C ± 0.8°C, 34.3°C ± 0.7°C, and 32.8°C ± 0.7°C, respectively. Reductions in temperature due to face washing were most significant for the forehead and least significant for the cornea. One minute after face washing, the corresponding changes were −2.8°C ± 0.6°C, −0.3°C ± 0.6°C, −0.6°C ± 0.7°C, and −0.9°C ± 0.7°C for the forehead, cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus, respectively. After administering the eye drops, no significant temperature changes were observed. Conclusions When facial temperature was exogenously cooled, the cornea had the most stable temperature readings. Translational Relevance When using infrared thermography to screen facial temperature, the measurement of corneal temperature is probably a better representative if the stability of temperature readings is critical.

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“…No significant interocular difference in OST has been reported in animals and humans. [30,33,41,42,54,55]. Morgan and colleagues [34] found that 95 percent of the normal population have an interocular temperature difference of 0.60 degrees or less.…”

Section: Temperature Of and Heat Flux From The External Ocular Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat exchange in the human eye: a review

Zadorozhnyy¹,

Korol²,

Naumenko³

et al. 2022

Oftalmol Zh

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Thermal homeostasis is required in order to ensure that the normal function of the human body is maintained under various environmental conditions. Various pathological processes impacting metabolism in tissues and organs (e.g., the human eye) are accompanied by changes in relative internal heat balance. Although numerous relevant studies have been conducted, heat exchange processes in the human eye have not been yet sufficiently investigated. Further research on the features of heat exchange in the eye is required not only to improve our knowledge in the field of physiology of the eye, but also to use the data obtained for developing novel advanced techniques for eye disease diagnosis and treatment.

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Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Ocular surface temperature differences in glaucoma

Ocular surface temperature differences in glaucoma

Relative Stability of Regional Facial and Ocular Temperature Measurements in Healthy Individuals

Heat exchange in the human eye: a review

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