Characterization of the non-collagenous proteins in avian cortical and medullary bone

Ovocleidin (OC 116) Is Present in Avian Skeletal Tissues

“…These results, combined with previous research reports (Pines et al, 1998;Wang et al, 2005;Mann et al, 2006Mann et al, , 2007 M. Horvat-Gordon, C. A. Praul, R. Ramachadran, and R. M. Leach, Jr., The Pennsylvania State University; unpublished data), demonstrate that the SCPP (SIBLING) family of proteins is present in a wide variety of avian mineralized tissues. Figure 7.…”

“…Extracts of 1-wk-old chick cortical bone and laying hen medullary bone were prepared following the procedure described by Wang et al (2005). Briefly, bone particles were crushed into small pieces in the presence of liquid nitrogen, washed overnight in 4 M guanidine HCl, and extracted with 0.5 M EDTA in Tris-HCl for 24 h. The extract was centrifuged, and the supernatant was dialyzed and lyophilized as described above.…”

Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: The Common Denominator in Connective Tissue DiseasesPossibilities for Evaluation and Current Understanding of the Matrix as More Than a Passive Architecture, but a Key Player in Tissue Failure

“…122 Its main role consists in regulating the collagen fibril diameter. 123 Apart from corneal tissue, where it has been first identified, mimecan is expressed also in other tissues, such as medullary bone, 124 amniotic membrane, 125 cartilage 126 and pituitary. 127 In the lung, mimecan mRNA expression is correlated to nonsmall-cell lung cancers, 128 and in arteries, there is an indication that it can be involved in arterial remodeling during atherosclerosis.…”

Medullary bone-like tissue in the mandibular symphyses of a pterosaur suggests non-reproductive significance

“…Growing from the endosteal layers inwards to the medullar cavity, and mostly being composed of woven bone 6 , medullary bone has no mechanical function but serves as a calcium storage that can be quickly mobilized during the calcification of the hard-shelled eggs of birds [6][7][8][9] . According to the phases of the egg-laying cycle, medullary bone can be characterized by rapid formation in the period of maturing follicles, and subsequent rapid destruction during the calcification of the eggshell [10][11][12] . This fast formation-resorption cycle of medullary bone corresponds well with its microanatomy as well as histology: (i) it has large surface areas due to its highly porous, vascularized nature; (ii) its trabeculae are composed of woven bone 6 ; (iii) the number and activity level of osteoclasts is considerably higher in medullary bone than in cortical bone 13 .…”

“…This fast formation-resorption cycle of medullary bone corresponds well with its microanatomy as well as histology: (i) it has large surface areas due to its highly porous, vascularized nature; (ii) its trabeculae are composed of woven bone 6 ; (iii) the number and activity level of osteoclasts is considerably higher in medullary bone than in cortical bone 13 . The composition of medullary bone is similar to that of cortical and cancellous trabecular bone; however, the proportional amount of components are different with medullary bone being more calcified, having higher apatite to collagen ratio, and containing more non-collagenous proteins, proteoglycans and carbohydrates in the matrix 7,12,14,15 . This bone tissue type was first described in pigeons 16 , and later in some other species of extant birds, among others in domestic fowl, Japanese quail, duck and ostrich 3,10,11,[17][18][19][20][21] .…”