Characterization of the NIST seaweed Standard Reference Material

Outola, Iisa; Filliben, James J.; Inn, Kenneth G. W.; Rosa, J. La; McMahon, C. A.; Peck, Gabrielle; Twining, John; Tims, S.G.; Fifield, L.K.; Smedley, P. A.; Anton, M. P.; Gascó, C.; Povinec, P.; Pham, M. K.; Raaum, A.; Wei, Hung-Ju; Krijger, Gerard C.; Bouisset, P.; Litherland, A.E.; Kieser, W.E.; Betti, M.; Heras, Laura Aldave de las; Hong, Gi-Hoon; Holm, E.; Skipperud, Lindis; Harms, A.V.; Arinc, A; Youngman, M. J.; Arnold, D.; Wershofen, H.; Sill, D.S.; Bohrer, Sean R.; Dahlgaard, H.; Croudace, Ian W.; Warwick, Phillip E.; Ikäheimonen, T K; Klemola, S; Vakulovsky, S. M.; Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.02.029

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The beaker and the filter were gently washed with 30 mL of 0.2 mol/L HCl. NH 4 OH was added to the filtrate to adjust the pH at 8-9 and co-precipitate the plutonium with Fe(OH) 3 (for seaweed, a certain amount of FeCl 3 was added to the sample prior to precipitation) and to remove Ca and Mg ions. The precipitate was separated by centrifugation.…”

Section: Sample Pre-treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2009

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This article presents an automated method for the rapid determination of 239Pu and 240Pu in various environmental samples. The analytical method involves the in-line separation of Pu isotopes using extraction chromatography (TEVA) implemented in a sequential injection (SI) network followed by detection of isolated analytes with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The method has been devised for the determination of Pu isotopes at environmentally relevant concentrations, whereby it has been successfully applied to the analyses of large volumes/amounts of samples, for example, 100−200 g of soil and sediment, 20 g of seaweed, and 200 L of seawater following analyte preconcentration. The investigation of the separation capability of the assembled SI system revealed that up to 200 g of soil or sediment can be treated using a column containing about 0.70 g of TEVA resin. The analytical results of Pu isotopes in the reference materials showed good agreement with the certified or reference values at the 0.05 significance level. Chemical yields of Pu ranged from 80 to 105%, and the decontamination factors for uranium, thorium, mercury and lead were all above 104. The duration of the in-line extraction chromatographic run was <1.5 h, and the proposed setup was able to handle up to 20 samples (14 mL each) in a fully automated mode using a single chromatographic column. The SI manifold is thus suitable for rapid and automated determination of Pu isotopes in environmental risk assessment and emergency preparedness scenarios.

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Section: Sample Pre-treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After cooling, the solution was filtered through a GF/A filter, the filtrate was collected into a centrifuge tube and the filter was washed with 30 mL of 0.2 mol/L HCl. NH 4 OH was added to the supernatant to adjust the pH at 8-9 to co-precipitate the plutonium with Fe(OH) 3 . The precipitate was separated by centrifugation.…”

Section: Sample Pre-treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2009

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“…Certified reference materials (CRM) for seaweeds were developed for consumer safety testing and environmental monitoring. Seaweeds are sentinels of environmental pollution because of their structural polysaccharides which sequester metals from the surrounding seawater [11,12,13]. In the aftermath of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and accidents such as those in Sellafield and Chernobyl, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) 4359 Seaweed Radionuclide Standard and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) CRM IAEA-446 Radionuclides in Baltic Sea Seaweed ( Fucus vesticulosus ) were issued in 2004 and 2013, respectively, for method validation in the measurements of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in seaweeds and similar marine specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a kelp powder (Thallus laminariae) Standard Reference Material

Browning

Burdette

et al. 2017

Anal Bioanal Chem

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A Standard Reference Material (SRM) of seaweed, SRM 3232 Kelp Powder (Thallus laminariae) has been developed to support food and dietary supplement measurements in compliance with the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). The material was characterized for nutritional minerals, arsenic species, isomers of vitamin K, proximates, and toxic elements. Kelp is a rich source of vitamins and minerals, and it is an excellent source of dietary iodine. Kelp also contains a large amount of arsenic, which is toxic as inorganic species but much less so as organic species. To capture the dietary profile of kelp, certified values were issued for As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, I, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Pb, and Zn. Reference values for proximates were assigned. For the first time, a certified value for iodine, reference values for isomers of vitamin K, and reference values for arsenic species including arsenosugars were assigned in a seaweed. SRM 3232 fills a gap in Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) needed for quality assurance and method validation in the compositional measurements of kelp and similar seaweeds used as food and as dietary supplements. Graphical Absract Arsenic species and isomers of vitamin K were determined in the development of SRM 3232 Kelp Powder (Thallus laminariae).

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“…Three certified reference materials, including sediment (IAEA-410) and seaweeds (IAEA-446, and NIST-SRM-4359) (Outola et al 2006; Pham et al 2006, 2014), were analyzed in this study. These materials are frequently used as quality control standard reference materials in 129 I determinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigation on the Rapid and Direct AMS Measurement of ¹²⁹I in Environmental Samples without Chemical Separation

et al. 2016

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Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is the most sensitive method for measuring 129I in environmental samples available today, with a detection limit of about 10–15 for 129I/127I. A drawback of the technique is the time-consuming chemical separation required to prepare AMS targets from raw samples. This step significantly limits applications requiring rapid analyses and large numbers of samples, for example, in monitoring studies associated with nuclear accidents. This work introduces a direct method for 129I measurements by AMS that does not require chemical separation. In this approach, stable iodine (127I) is added to a matrix of niobium (Nb) powder and mixed with dried raw sample. This mixture is pressed directly into a sputter target for AMS analysis. Two types of environmental samples have been tested in this work, seaweed and sediment. No anomalous behavior was noted in the Cs+ sputtering behavior of the targets prepared from these materials. The 129I/127I ratios and 129I concentrations measured by this rapid method were found to be in agreement with reported values that used a conventional AMS method for the same material. Based on our findings, we expect that such rapid measurements can be applied to a wide variety of materials, in addition to seaweed and sediment, as long as the sputtering-induced adverse effects do not prevent the stable operation of the ion source. The method is especially useful for screening large numbers of samples before more precise analyses are made.

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Characterization of the NIST seaweed Standard Reference Material

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Development of a kelp powder (Thallus laminariae) Standard Reference Material

Preliminary Investigation on the Rapid and Direct AMS Measurement of ¹²⁹I in Environmental Samples without Chemical Separation

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Characterization of the NIST seaweed Standard Reference Material

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Development of a kelp powder (Thallus laminariae) Standard Reference Material

Preliminary Investigation on the Rapid and Direct AMS Measurement of 129I in Environmental Samples without Chemical Separation

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Preliminary Investigation on the Rapid and Direct AMS Measurement of ¹²⁹I in Environmental Samples without Chemical Separation