Characterization of the mucosal and systemic immune response induced by Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis HD 73 in mice

Vázquez-Padrón, Roberto I.; Moreno‐Fierros, Leticia; Neri-Bazán, Leticia; Martínez-Gil, Ariel F.; de-la-Riva, G.A.; López‐Revilla, Rubén

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2000000200002

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…After intraperitoneal or intragastric administration of Cry1Ac to mice at relatively high dosage, IgG, IgM and mucosal IgA response were induced, but no IgE response was observed (Vazquez-Padron et al, 1999a;2000). This demonstrates that Cry1Ac has no or low allergenic potential.…”

Section: Assessment Of Allergenicity Of the Newly Expressed Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on genetically modified organisms [GMO] on an application (Reference EFSA‐GMO‐UK‐2004‐05) for the placing on the market of insect‐protected and glufosinate and glyphosate‐tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 × NK603, for food and feed uses, and import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Pioneer Hi‐Bred and Mycogen Seeds

2006

EFS2

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SUMMARYThis document provides an opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO Panel) of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) on genetically modified maize 1507 x NK603 (Unique Identifier DAS-Ø15Ø7-1 x MON-ØØ6Ø3-6) developed to provide protection against specific lepidopteran pests and tolerance to the herbicides glufosinate and glyphosate.In delivering its opinion the Panel considered the application EFSA-GMO-UK-2004-05, additional information provided by the applicant and the scientific comments submitted by the Member States. Further information from applications for placing the single events maize 1507 and maize NK603 on the market under EU regulatory procedures was taken into account, when appropriate.The GMO Panel assessed 1507 x NK603 maize with reference to the intended uses and the appropriate principles described in the guidance document of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms for the Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants and Derived Food and Feed. The scientific assessment included molecular characterisation of the inserted DNA and expression of target proteins. A comparative analysis of agronomic traits and composition was undertaken and the safety of the new proteins and the whole food/feed was evaluated with respect to toxicity and allergenicity. Both a nutritional and an environmental assessment were undertaken, the latter including an environmental monitoring plan.The single events maize 1507 and NK603 have been the subjects of earlier assessments. Maize 1507 was developed to be tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate by the introduction of a gene encoding phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces viridochromogenes and to provide protection against certain lepidopteran pests such as the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and species belonging to the genus Sesamia by the introduction of a truncated cry1F gene from Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. aizawai. Molecular analysis of the DNA inserts present in maize 1507 x NK603 confirmed that both maize event 1507 and maize event NK603 are present and the structure of their inserts is retained.Cry1F and CP4 EPSPS protein levels in kernels of maize 1507 x NK603 were comparable with the levels in the parental maize lines 1507 and NK603, previously assessed. PAT was expressed below the lower limit of quantification of the assay both in kernels of maize 1507 and in kernels of maize 1507 x NK603. The safety of the Cry1F, PAT and CP4 EPSPS proteins has previously been assessed and positive opinions on the single 1507 and NK603 maize events have been given by EFSA. The Panel found no evidence of any interactions between the newly expressed Cry1F, PAT and CP4 EPSPS proteins.Maize 1507 x NK603 contains transgenic proteins resulting in an insect-resistant and herbicidetolerant phenotype. Besides these deliberate changes, this maize neither showed marked alterations in composition, agronomy and phenotype compared with a non-GM hybrid maize with a genetic background similar to the maize 150...

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Section: Assessment Of Allergenicity Of the Newly Expressed Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on genetically modified organisms [GMO] on an application (Reference EFSA‐GMO‐UK‐2004‐05) for the placing on the market of insect‐protected and glufosinate and glyphosate‐tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 × NK603, for food and feed uses, and import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Pioneer Hi‐Bred and Mycogen Seeds

2006

EFS2

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“…and i.n. administration of Cry3A to mice at relatively high dosage, IgG, IgM and mucosal IgA response were induced, but no IgE response was reported (Guerrero et al, 2004;Vazquez-Padron et al, 1999;2000). This demonstrates that Cry1Ac and Cry3A have no allergenic potential under the conditions used.…”

Section: Assessment Of Allergenicity Of the Newly Expressed Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Application (Reference EFSA-GMO-UK-2005-11) for the placing on the market of insect-resistant genetically modified maize MIR604 event, for food and feed uses, import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Syngenta Seeds S.A.S on behalf of

Andersson¹,

Arpaia²,

Bartsch³

et al. 2009

EFSA Journal

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SUMMARYFollowing a request from Syngenta Seeds S.A.S on behalf of Syngenta Crop Protection AG within the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed, the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA GMO Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the authorisation of the insect-resistant genetically modified maize MIR604 (Unique Identifier SYN-IR6Ø4-5) for food and feed uses, import and processing.In delivering its scientific opinion, the EFSA GMO Panel considered the new application EFSA-GMO-UK-2005-11, additional information provided by the applicant and the scientific comments submitted by the Member States. The scope of application EFSA-GMO-UK-2005-11 is for food and feed uses, import and processing of genetically modified maize MIR604 and all derived products, but excluding cultivation in the EU.The EFSA GMO Panel assessed maize MIR604 with reference to the intended uses and appropriate principles described in the Guidance Document of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms for the risk assessment of genetically modified plants and derived food and Insect-resistant GM maize MIR604 for food and feed uses, import and processingThe EFSA Journal (2009) 1193, 2-26 feed. The scientific assessment included molecular characterisation of the inserted DNA and expression of the newly expressed proteins. A comparative analysis of agronomic traits and composition was undertaken, and the safety of the new proteins and the whole food/feed were evaluated with respect to potential toxicity, allergenicity and nutritional quality. An assessment of environmental impacts and the post-market environmental monitoring plan was also undertaken.Maize MIR604 was engineered with a modified cry3A coding sequence (mcry3A) derived from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis that encodes an insecticidally active mCry3A protein confering resistance to the Western Corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) and other related coleopteran pests of maize like the Northern Corn rootworm (NCR) (Diabrotica barberi). In addition maize MIR604 was engineered with the pmi (manA) gene from Escherichia coli, which encodes the enzyme PMI (PhosphoMannose Isomerase) as a selectable marker. PMI allows transformed maize cells to utilize mannose as a sole carbon source, while maize cells lacking the pmi gene fail to grow with mannose as single carbon source.The molecular characterisation data established that a single insert with one copy of the expression cassette containing the mCry3A gene and the pmi gene is integrated in the maize genomic DNA. Appropriate analyses of the integration site including sequence determination of the inserted DNA and flanking regions. Bioinformatic analysis of junction regions demonstrated the absence of any potential new ORFs coding for known toxins or allergens. The expression of the gene introduced by genetic modification has been sufficiently analysed and the stability of the genetic modification has been demonstra...

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“…This reduction could be a result of a proinflammatory process in the uterine mucosa produced by Bt in the dosage of 20.0 mg/100 g. According to Moreno-Fierros et al, (2000), Bt Cry 1Ac protein toxins can cause systemic immune responses in various locations, such as the reproductive system, after intraperitoneal and intravaginal application of 100 µg. It has also been reported that this toxin (Cry1Ac) is a specific potent inducer of immune responses in the uterine mucosal (Vázquez-Padrón et al, 2000).…”

Section: G IVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology of Organs from Neonate Offspring Born to Female Rats Exposed to Sublethal Doses of Biological and Synthetic Insecticides

Santos

Teixeira

et al. 2013

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:The current annual consumption of insecticides in agriculture in Brazil is over three million tons. The exposure happens through food that is contaminated with toxic waste and respiratory and dermal absorption. Biological control with Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) has assumed increasing importance replacing the use of conventional insecticides. However, the tests used to justify approval for use and market release of Bt products, and the protocols used to assess the development of toxicity, are extremely superficial. In addition, more studies comparing effects between males and females and during pregnancy and lactation have not been conducted. Thus, the hypothesis tested in this study was if the administration of the XenTari® WG (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Aizawai) biological insecticide and Decis® 25CE (Deltamethrin) synthetic insecticide, at concentrations that do not cause clinical signs of maternal toxicity, could interfere in the histophysiology of the organs of neonate rats. Thirty-five pregnant albino rats, Rattus norvegicus albinus, were randomly distributed in seven groups: Group I received placebo (water); Groups II, III, and IV received 1.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg of XenTari®/kg respectively; and Groups V, VI, and VII received 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg of Deltamethrin/kg, respectively. The results showed that the highest doses of insecticides reduced the number of neonates. No histopathological alterations were observed in the kidneys, however, lipidosis, diffuse mononuclear inflammatory cells, and sinusoids congestion were observed in the liver. Rats from groups IV and VII presented atresia in the ovaries. Neonates from Group IV showed congestion and hemosiderin deposition in the testicle's blood vessels, which is characteristic of a process of hemolysis. In conclusion, both insecticides presented similar effects on organs and number of neonates born to rats exposed to sub-lethal doses that did not cause clinical symptoms of maternal intoxication.

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Characterization of the mucosal and systemic immune response induced by Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis HD 73 in mice

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Application (Reference EFSA-GMO-UK-2005-11) for the placing on the market of insect-resistant genetically modified maize MIR604 event, for food and feed uses, import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Syngenta Seeds S.A.S on behalf of

Histopathology of Organs from Neonate Offspring Born to Female Rats Exposed to Sublethal Doses of Biological and Synthetic Insecticides

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