Characterization of the key volatile organic components of different parts of fresh and dried perilla frutescens based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in the Flower Buds of Three Panax Species Using Fast Gas Chromatography Electronic Nose, Headspace-Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

“…Moreover, the introduction of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) into GC-MS greatly improves the detection speed and realizes the non-destructive operation of samples [12]. In contrast to the detection of small molecules via GC e-nose and HS-GC-IMS, HS-SPME-GC-MS was able to control the quality of food and medicinal materials from the perspective of large molecules [10]. In this study, the VOCs of three flowers were detected via HS-SPME-GC-MS.…”

“…The VOCs in the three flowers were analyzed using the HS-GC-IMS system (Flavour-SpecÒ, Gesellschaft fur Analytische Sensorsysteme mbH, Dortmund, Germany), which was equipped with an autosampler unit (CTC Analytics AG, Zwingen, Switzerland) and an MXT-5 capillary column (15 m × 0.53 mm ID, 1 µm, CS-Chromatographie Service GmbH, Langerwehe, Germany) [10]. In brief, a 0.5 g powder sample was accurately placed into a 20 mL headspace glass sampling bottle and incubated at 80 • C for 20 min at 500 rpm.…”

“…GC-MS includes two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC-GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, electronic noses (e-noses), and gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS). GC-MS and e-noses are widely used in identification due to their high speed and sensitivity [10,11]. Furthermore, the introduction of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with GC-MS has significantly simplified the processing of complex samples.…”