Characterization of the inflammatory cytokines in the vagina during pregnancy and labor and with bacterial vaginosis

Imseis, Hytham M.; GREIG, P; LIVENGOODIII, C; SHUNIOR, E; DURDA, P; Erikson, Mark

doi:10.1016/s1071-5576(97)00003-8

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Several previous studies have noted parallels between several of these inflammatory mediators in genital fluid from different groups of women. For example, levels of IL-1ß and IL-6, but not TNF-α, were significantly elevated in subjects in labor when compared to those not in labor [30]. In contrast, several studies have shown that while IL-1ß is increased in bacterial vaginosis, IL-6 and TNF-α are not [7], [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multiplex Immunoassay of Lower Genital Tract Mucosal Fluid from Women Attending an Urban STD Clinic Shows Broadly Increased IL1ß and Lactoferrin

et al. 2011

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BackgroundMore than one million new cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occur each day. The immune responses and inflammation induced by STDs and other frequent non-STD microbial colonizations (i.e. Candida and bacterial vaginosis) can have serious pathologic consequences in women including adverse pregnancy outcomes, infertility and increased susceptibility to infection by other pathogens. Understanding the types of immune mediators that are elicited in the lower genital tract by these infections/colonizations can give important insights into the innate and adaptive immune pathways that are activated and lead to strategies for preventing pathologic effects.Methodology/Principal Findings32 immune mediators were measured by multiplexed immunoassays to assess the immune environment of the lower genital tract mucosa in 84 women attending an urban STD clinic. IL-3, IL-1ß, VEGF, angiogenin, IL-8, ß2Defensin and ß3Defensin were detected in all subjects, Interferon-α was detected in none, while the remaining mediators were detected in 40% to 93% of subjects. Angiogenin, VEGF, FGF, IL-9, IL-7, lymphotoxin-α and IL-3 had not been previously reported in genital mucosal fluid from women. Strong correlations were observed between levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6, between chemokines IP-10 and MIG and between myeloperoxidase, IL-8 and G-CSF. Samples from women with any STD/colonization had significantly higher levels of IL-8, IL-3, IL-7, IL-1ß, lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase. IL-1ß and lactoferrin were significantly increased in gonorrhea, Chlamydia, cervicitis, bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis.Conclusions/SignificanceThese studies show that mucosal fluid in general appears to be an environment that is rich in immune mediators. Importantly, IL-1ß and lactoferrin are biomarkers for STDs/colonizations providing insights into immune responses and pathogenesis at this mucosal site.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multiplex Immunoassay of Lower Genital Tract Mucosal Fluid from Women Attending an Urban STD Clinic Shows Broadly Increased IL1ß and Lactoferrin

et al. 2011

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“…PGs induce uterine muscle contraction, sulfated Glucoseaminoglycan (GAG) decreasing, reorganization of collagen fibrils, and decrease the cervical resistance. [222324] Some cytokines, such as interleukine-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, granulocytes stimulating factors, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), have increasing level in amniotic fluid of women with BV. [2325] These cytokines also cause synthesis of PGs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[222324] Some cytokines, such as interleukine-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, granulocytes stimulating factors, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), have increasing level in amniotic fluid of women with BV. [2325] These cytokines also cause synthesis of PGs. In addition, PGs induce the release of inflammatory cytokines for stimulating the release of metalloproteinases (MMPs) from neutrophils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial vaginosis in association with spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy losses

Işık

Demirezen

Dönmez

et al. 2016

J Cytol

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Context:Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is related to the increased risk of miscarriage, preterm labor, and postpartum endometritis.Aims:The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between BV and the history of spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy losses. We also examined periods of gestation, including the first and second trimester miscarriages.Materials and Methods:The study population consisted of 200 fertile women. Sixty one (30.5%) of 200 women had the history of a spontaneous abortion in the last six months (N = 30) and at least three recurrent pregnancy losses (N = 31). BV was diagnosed either by using Papanicolaou staining, Gram staining, or by culturing with BV-associated bacteria, Gardnerella vaginalis.Results:The presence of BV was statistically associated with the history of a spontaneous abortion in the last 6 months (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant relationship between BV and recurrent pregnancy losses (P > 0.05). These women were also evaluated in view of periods of gestation. Forty-seven (77%) of 61 women had first trimester miscarriage (≤12 weeks) and 14 (23%) of 61 women had second trimester miscarriage (>12 weeks). There was a statistically significant relationship between BV and second trimester miscarriage (P < 0.05). Positive BV findings were not associated with discharge, itching, and pain (P > 0.05).Conclusion:BV may contribute to spontaneous abortion and second trimester miscarriage.

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“…Vaginal interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations are usually increased in women with BV; however, this trend is not always observed (Basso et al 2005; Cauci et al 2003; Hedges et al 2006; Imseis et al 1997; Mattsby-Baltzer et al 1998; Platz-Christensen et al 1993; Ryckman et al 2008b; Wasiela et al 2005). Several genetic polymorphisms, particularly those in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, are associated with BV (Cauci et al 2007; Genc et al 2004; Goepfert et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between interleukin-1 receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4, and cervical cytokines

Ryckman

Williams

Krohn

et al. 2011

Journal of Reproductive Immunology

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The objective was to assess the impact of genetic variation on cervical cytokine concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and first, to determine if these variants interact with polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that were previously shown to associate with pro-inflammatory cervical cytokine concentrations, and second, to determine if findings are affected by bacterial vaginosis (BV). We examined 183 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 cytokine genes and receptors for associations with cervical cytokine levels in 188 African American and European American women. We tested for associations of genegene interactions between SNPs in TLR4 and cytokine gene and receptor polymorphisms with cervical pro-inflammatory cytokines. None of the single locus associations was significant after correction for multiple testing in either European Americans or African Americans. However, there were significant gene-gene interactions between IL-1R2 rs485127 and two SNPs in TLR4 (rs1554973 and rs7856729) with IL-1β after correction for multiple testing. Our study demonstrates that interactions between TLR4 and IL-1R2 are associated with cervical pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. These results provide important insights into the possible regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory response in the presence and absence of microbial disorders such as BV. Additionally, the observed differences in allele frequencies between African Americans and those of European descent may partially explain population disparity in pregnancy-related phenotypes that are cytokine concentration-dependent.

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Characterization of the inflammatory cytokines in the vagina during pregnancy and labor and with bacterial vaginosis

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Multiplex Immunoassay of Lower Genital Tract Mucosal Fluid from Women Attending an Urban STD Clinic Shows Broadly Increased IL1ß and Lactoferrin

Multiplex Immunoassay of Lower Genital Tract Mucosal Fluid from Women Attending an Urban STD Clinic Shows Broadly Increased IL1ß and Lactoferrin

Bacterial vaginosis in association with spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy losses

Interaction between interleukin-1 receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4, and cervical cytokines

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