Characterization of the core microbiome in tobacco leaves during aging

Zhou, Jiaxi; Yu, Lifei; Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Xiaomin; Xue, Yadong; Liu, Jing; Zhou, Xiao

doi:10.1002/mbo3.984

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Cigar tobacco is air-cured; however, cured but unfermented tobacco is not suitable for cigar products because of its sharp and pungent flavor (Zhao et al, 2007). Artificial fermentation is a more control- After 24 months of natural aging, the content of WSS decreased by 2.63%, whereas the contents of TN, nicotine, starch, and protein decreased slightly (Zhou et al, 2020). Conversely, the contents of chemical components decreased significantly after short-term artificial fermentation (Qiu et al, 2003), consistent with the findings of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community and metabolic function analysis of cigar tobacco leaves during fermentation

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2021

MicrobiologyOpen

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Cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs) contain abundant bacteria and fungi that are vital to leaf quality during fermentation. In this study, artificial fermentation was used for the fermentation of CTLs since it was more controllable and efficient than natural aging. The bacterial and fungal community structure and composition in unfermented and fermented CTLs were determined to understand the effects of microbes on the characteristics of CTLs during artificial fermentation. The relationship between the chemical contents and alterations in the microbial composition was evaluated, and the functions of bacteria and fungi in fermented CTLs were predicted to determine the possible metabolic pathways. After artificial fermentation, the bacterial and fungal community structure significantly changed in CTLs. The total nitrate and nicotine contents were most readily affected by the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. FAPROTAX software predictions of the bacterial community revealed increases in functions related to compound transformation after fermentation. FUNGuild predictions of the fungal community revealed an increase in the content of saprotrophic fungi after fermentation. These data provide information regarding the artificial fermentation mechanism of CTLs and will inform safety and quality improvements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community and metabolic function analysis of cigar tobacco leaves during fermentation

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2021

MicrobiologyOpen

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“…® Soil DNA Kit (Omega Bio-tek), and the concentration and purity of DNA were assessed by electrophoresis on 1.0% weight/volume agarose gels. The primers used to amplify the V4 variable region of the bacterial 16s RNA gene were: 515F (5′-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3′) and 806R (5′-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′) ( Zhou et al, 2020 ). DNA amplification was carried out using the ABI GeneAmp 9700 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Cultivation Environments Affect the Yield, Bacterial Community and Metabolites of Cordyceps cicadae

et al. 2021

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Cordyceps cicadae is an entomogenous fungus with important uses in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its wild resources have not met consumers’ demand due to excessive harvesting practices. Artificial cultivation is therefore an important alternative, but research on cultivating C. cicadae in natural habitats has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to explore the viability of cultivating C. cicadae in a natural habitat, in the soil of Pinus massoniana forest. We assessed and compared the yield, metabolite contents and bacterial community composition of C. cicadae grown in the Antheraea pernyi pupae at different growth stages, and under different cultivation conditions, in the soil of a natural habitat and in sterile glass bottles. Our results showed that cultivating C. cicadae in a natural habitat is feasible, with up to 95% of pupae producing C. cicadae fruiting bodies. The content of nitrogen compounds (amino acids) in C. cicadae cultivated in a natural habitat was significantly higher than in glass bottles, while the yield and carbon compound (mannitol and polysaccharide) and nucleoside (cordycepin and adenosine) contents were lower. Different bacterial genera were enriched in C. cicadae at different growth stages and cultivation environments, and these bacterial genera were closely related to metabolites contents during growth. This study demonstrated the viability of a novel cultivation method of C. cicadae, which could be used as an alternative to wild stocks of this fungus. These findings provided new insights into the growth mechanism of C. cicadae and its interaction with soil microorganisms.

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“…among the culturable endophytic bacteria isolated from tobacco leaves has been previously described by Chen et al [ 6 ]. Such cultivation-based endophytic bacteria isolation does not reflect the complexity of the tobacco bacterial endophytome revealed by metagenomic analysis [ 5 ]. It is likely that the limits of cultivation-based isolation are set by the inability of unculturable bacteria to grow on artificial media in combination with the harsh treatment required for leaf surface sterilization, which likely leads to the excessive disinfection of microorganisms residing in soft tobacco leaf tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequencing-based analysis revealed that endophytic Enterobacteriaceae communities predominately colonize tobacco seeds with varied abundance among the distinct cultivars; meanwhile, a genotype-specific signature was mainly observed among Alpha-proteobacteria [ 4 ]. Enterobacteriaceae was also shown to dominate the bacterial community of fresh tobacco leaves, and in terms of abundance it is followed by Pseudomonadaceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, Bacillaceae, Comamonadaceae and Methylobacteriaceae [ 5 ]. Bacillus spp., such as B. pumilus , B. amyloliquefaciens , B. cereus , B. subtilis , B. flexus , B. simplex and B. megaterium , were dominant among the 11 species isolated from tobacco leaves using a cultivation-based approach [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Nicotiana tabacum L. In Vitro Shoot Growth by Endophytic Bacillus cereus Group Bacteria

et al. 2021

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In vitro plant tissue cultures face various unfavorable conditions, such as mechanical damage, osmotic shock, and phytohormone imbalance, which can be detrimental to culture viability, growth efficiency, and genetic stability. Recent studies have revealed a presence of diverse endophytic bacteria, suggesting that engineering of the endophytic microbiome of in vitro plant tissues has the potential to improve their acclimatization and growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify cultivated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) endophytic bacteria isolates that are capable of promoting the biomass accumulation of in vitro tobacco shoots. Forty-five endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained from greenhouse-grown tobacco plant leaves and were assigned to seven Bacillus spp. and one Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA or genome sequence data. To evaluate the bacterial effect on in vitro plant growth, tobacco shoots were inoculated with 22 isolates selected from distinct taxonomic groups. Four isolates of Bacillus cereus group species B. toyonensis, B. wiedmannii and B. mycoides promoted shoot growth by 11%–21%. Furthermore, a contrasting effect on shoot growth was found among several isolates of the same species, suggesting the presence of strain-specific interaction with the plant host. Comparative analysis of genome assemblies was performed on the two closely related B. toyonensis isolates with contrasting plant growth-modulating properties. This revealed distinct structures of the genomic regions, including a putative enzyme cluster involved in the biosynthesis of linear azol(in)e-containing peptides and polysaccharides. However, the function of these clusters and their significance in plant-promoting activity remains elusive, and the observed contrasting effects on shoot growth are more likely to result from genomic sequence variations leading to differences in metabolic or gene expression activity. The Bacillus spp. isolates with shoot-growth-promoting properties have a potential application in improving the growth of plant tissue cultures in vitro.

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Characterization of the core microbiome in tobacco leaves during aging

Cited by 51 publications

References 49 publications

Microbial community and metabolic function analysis of cigar tobacco leaves during fermentation

Microbial community and metabolic function analysis of cigar tobacco leaves during fermentation

Different Cultivation Environments Affect the Yield, Bacterial Community and Metabolites of Cordyceps cicadae

Stimulation of Nicotiana tabacum L. In Vitro Shoot Growth by Endophytic Bacillus cereus Group Bacteria

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