Characterization of the bacterial communities associated with the bald sea urchin disease of the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus

Becker, Pierre; Egea, Émilie; Eeckhaut, Igor

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2007.12.002

Cited by 52 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Disease by microorganisms is also a threat, as observed in echiniculture conditions (Tajima et al 2007). Since the lesions observed on H. purpurascens in this study appear to mirror the descriptions of a ''spotting disease'' cause by a gliding bacterium on Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Tajima et al 1997(Tajima et al , 2007Becker et al 2008), perhaps a similar bacterium or bacterial community was invading H. purpurascens. We suggest that the lesions on our sea urchins may have resulted from a deficiency in diet that led to a decreased immune system and an increased susceptibility to such disease rather than from an external physical event.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Fitness benefits of size-dependent diet switching in a marine herbivore

Williamson

Steinberg

2012

Mar Biol

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Although diet is one of the most important parameters affecting the fitness of terrestrial and marine herbivores, host plant choice and subsequent fitness on that host are not always correlated. This study investigated the effect of diet on fitness of the sea urchin Holopneustes purpurascens, which show an ontogenetic change in host plant use subsequent to recruitment. To test whether fitness on host plant mirrored host plant choice, small and large individuals were collected from both hosts and fed either host plant (Ecklonia radiata or Delisea pulchra). Small urchins survived better than large individuals. Those fed E. radiata produced fewer test lesions, grew faster and were more fecund than those fed D. pulchra, irrespective of size. This pattern was enhanced when the host plant the urchin previously inhabited was assessed. Our results show that diet is driving the previously recorded ontogenetic change in host plant use associated with increasing size in H. purpurascens, where medium-sized individuals switch from D. pulchra to E. radiata.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Fitness benefits of size-dependent diet switching in a marine herbivore

Williamson

Steinberg

2012

Mar Biol

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“…Particularly within the Echinodermata, several species not only integrate Vibrio spp. as part of their natural microflora, but also display susceptibility to this bacterium (Gilles & Pearse 1986, Morgan 2000, Becker et al 2008. Moreover, remarkable similarities exist in the clinical signs, time to death, histology, scanning electron microscopy analysis, and identification of vibrios as etiological agents (Morgan 2000, Becker et al 2004) with those described in experimentallyinduced diseased crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Rivera-Posada et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined identification of Vibrio bacterial flora from Acanthasther planci based on biochemical profiling and analysis of housekeeping genes

Rivera-Posada¹,

Pratchett²,

Cano-Gómez³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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We used a polyphasic approach for precise identification of bacterial flora (Vibrionaceae) isolated from crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) from Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia) and Guam (USA, Western Pacific Ocean). Previous 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis was useful to allocate and identify isolates within the Photobacterium, Splendidus and Harveyi clades but failed in the identification of Vibrio harveyi-like isolates. Species of the V. harveyi group have almost indistinguishable phenotypes and genotypes, and thus, identification by standard biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene analysis is commonly inaccurate. Biochemical profiling and sequence analysis of additional topA and mreB housekeeping genes were carried out for definitive identification of 19 bacterial isolates recovered from sick and wild COTS. For 8 isolates, biochemical profiles and topA and mreB gene sequence alignments with the closest relatives (GenBank) confirmed previous 16S rRNA-based identification: V. fortis and Photobacterium eurosenbergii species (from wild COTS), and V. natriegens (from diseased COTS). Further phylogenetic analysis based on topA and mreB concatenated sequences served to identify the remaining 11 V. harveyi-like isolates: V. owensii and V. rotiferianus (from wild COTS), and V. owensii, V. rotiferianus, and V. harveyi (from diseased COTS). This study further confirms the reliability of topA−mreB gene sequence analysis for identification of these close species, and it reveals a wider distribution range of the potentially pathogenic V. harveyi group.

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“…The latter are the most commonly found bacteria in echinoids infections. Representatives of this genus were isolated from diseased Strongylocentrotus purpuratus in California (Gilles and Pearse, 1986), Paleopneustes cristatus and Archaopneustes hystrix in the Bahamas (Bauer and Young, 2000), Strongylocentrotus intermedius in Japan (Takeuchi et al, 1999) and Paracentrotus lividus in France (Becker et al 2008). FISH experiments however show that Gammaproteobacteria were the less numerous in lesions of T. gratilla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clones were obtained from samples according to Becker et al (2008). Clones sequences were compared with those in the GenBank database with BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) in order to find related species (Altschul et al, 1990).…”

Section: Cloning and 16s Rrna Gene Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body wall lesions consisting of infected areas of the test with loss of epidermis and appendages are recurrently observed in reared echinoids (Tajima et al, 1997a;Takeuchi et al, 1999;Bauer and Young, 2000) and in wild populations (Jangoux, 1990;Nagelkerken et al, 1999;Becker et al, 2008). Bacteria involved in such lesions were usually identified using culture-dependent techniques and were assigned, among other, to Vibrio alginolyticus (Bauer and Young, 2000), Flexibacter sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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