Characterization of the antigenic, immunogenic, and pathogenic variation of infectious bursal disease virus due to propagation in different host systems (bursa, embryo, and cell culture). III. Pathogenicity

Rodriguez-Chavez, Isaac R.; Rosenberger, J. K.; Cloud, Sandra S.; Pope, Conrad R.

doi:10.1080/0307945021000005851

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Traditionally, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), the causative agent of infectious bursal disease (IBD), was isolated through inoculation of suspected samples into 9 to 11-day-old CEE via CAM route [ 1 ]. However, this technique is not always effective, because some variant strains of the virus do not induce embryonic mortality [ 2 ], an infection index that CAM inoculation methods mostly depend on to indicate productive infection. Advances in IBD diagnosis made it possible for many IBD virus (IBDV) isolates to be adapted on primary avian cell cultures derived from chicken embryonic tissues from organs such as kidney (CEK), bursa (CEB), and muscles (CEF) [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation and Molecular Characterization of Bioreactor Adapted Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolates of Malaysia

Lawal

Hair-Bejo

Arshad

et al. 2018

Journal of Pathogens

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Two Malaysian very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) strains UPM0081 (also known as B00/81) and UPM190 (also known as UPM04/190) isolated from local IBD outbreaks in 2000 and 2004, respectively, were separately passaged for 12 consecutive times in 11-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken embryonated eggs (CEE) via the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) route. The CEE passage 8 (EP8) isolates were passaged once in BGM-70 cell line yielding UPM0081EP8BGMP1 and UPM190EP8BGMP1, while the EP12 isolates were passaged 15 times in BGM-70 cell line yielding UPM0081EP12BGMP15 and UPM190EP12BGMP15 using T25 tissue culture flask. These isolates were all propagated once in bioreactor using cytodex 1 as microcarrier at 3 g per liter (3 g/L) yielding UPM0081EP8BGMP1BP1, UPM190EP8BGMP1BP1, UPM0081EP12BGMP15BP1, and UPM190EP12BGMP15BP1 isolates. The viruses were harvested at 3 days after inoculation, following the appearance of cytopathic effects (CPE) characterized by detachment from the microcarrier using standard protocol and filtered using 0.2 μm syringe filter. The filtrates were positive for IBDV by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the isolates were of the vvIBDV strains and were not different from the flask propagated parental viruses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation and Molecular Characterization of Bioreactor Adapted Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolates of Malaysia

Lawal

Hair-Bejo

Arshad

et al. 2018

Journal of Pathogens

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“…In the bursa of Fabricious, the stage of B cell differentiation keeps a vital role for viral replication as the stem cell (Dey et al, 2019). Our study (95) observes that, there might be the possible difference among the bursal samples for pathogenesis of IBD were irreversible bursal follicle damage and IgM-bearing B lymphocytes and others cell damage (Rodriguez-Chavez et al, 2002), those were more severe in haemorrhagic bursa compared to oedematous and atrophied bursa which increased the sensitivity in haemorrhagic bursa compared to oedematous and atrophied bursa for IBDV. RT-PCR is used to detect viral RNA in homogenates of infected organs or embryos without considering the viability of the virus present (Hasan et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Efficacy of two diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious bursal disease viruses in chicken from different types of bursal samples

Afrin¹,

Chowdhury²,

Cho³

et al. 2020

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an economically important irreversible immunosuppressive disease of young birds. The present study was designed to confirm the efficacy of two common diagnostic tests for the detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) from the three types of bursal samples collected from a recent outbreak in layer and broiler chickens of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study compared the degree of sensitivity between Ouchterlony Double Immunodiffusion Test (ODIT)and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for the detection of IBD viral antigen from the bursal samples. A total of 180 field bursal samples (80 broiler and 100 from layer chicken) from suspected IBDV infected dead chickens were collected from 50 different poultry farms. Bursal homogenates were used to detect IBDV using ODIT and RT-PCR. Three types of bursal samples, hemorrhagic bursa (90), edematous bursa (78) and atrophied bursa (12) were selected for the detection of viral antigen. A panel of anti-sera and IBDV specific primer for VP2 gene was used for RT-PCR. The data demonstrated that, out of 180 field samples, 164 (91%) were positive by RT-PCR and 120 (67%) were positive by ODIT. Haemorrhagic bursas were more sensitive compared to oedematous bursas while no virus was detected from the samples of atrophied bursa. This study demonstrated that, RT-PCR was more sensitive and effective diagnostic tool compared to that of ODIT.

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“…In the present study, a pathogenicity trial was conducted by the inoculation of 5‐week‐old SPF chickens with an IBDV strain recognized to belong to the ITA genotype, in order to assess its pathogenicity in comparison with a strain belonging to the G1a genogroup. In order to avoid an alteration of the results due to the possible attenuation of the strains after passage through the culture system used for virus isolation (Rodriguez‐Chavez, Rosenberger, Cloud, & Conrad, ), both viruses tested for pathogenicity underwent only one passage in embryonated SPF chicken eggs. Furthermore, full sequencing of the virus genomes, extracted directly from the original samples or from inoculated CAMs, was performed to exclude the occurrence of nucleotide mutations and showed that viruses had 100% nucleotide identity between them before and after inoculation in SPF eggs (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative in vivo pathogenicity study of an ITA genotype isolate (G6) of infectious bursal disease virus

Lupini

Felice

Silveira

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Recently, a new genotype of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), named ITA, was detected in IBD‐vaccinated Italian broilers. Genome characterization revealed ITA to be a genetically different IBDV, belonging to genogroup 6 according to a recently proposed IBDV classification. The currently available clinical data do not allow any definition of the degree of pathogenicity of the ITA‐IBDV isolates. In the present study, a pathogenicity trial was conducted by the oral inoculation of specific‐pathogen‐free (SPF) chickens. Birds were housed in poultry isolators and inoculated at 35 days of age with an ITA‐IBDV isolate (35 birds) or a strain belonging to the G1a genogroup as a comparison (35 birds). Control birds (25 birds) were contextually mock‐inoculated with sterile water. Birds were observed daily for clinical signs and at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post‐inoculation (dpi) were bled for IBDV antibody detection. At 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 dpi, five birds from each of the inoculated groups, and three from the control group, were euthanized and subjected to a post‐mortem examination; the bursa:body weight and thymus:body weight ratios were calculated. Microscopic lesions of the bursa and thymus were scored on the basis of lymphoid necrosis and/or depletion or cortex atrophy, respectively. Both viruses induced a subclinical course of disease, as neither clinical signs nor mortality were recorded during the study, even in the presence of typical IBDV gross and microscopic lesions. Bursal damage, measured by the bursa:body weight ratio, was more noticeable and precocious after ITA‐IBDV inoculation. Histopathology scores of the bursa, indicative of rapid lymphoid depletion, confirmed the aggressiveness of the ITA‐IBDV strain in this organ. This study showed that, although the ITA‐IBDV strain tested causes infection with a subclinical course, it induces severe damage to lymphoid tissues. Therefore, its circulation in birds might be a threat for the poultry industry and may jeopardize the success of the production cycle.

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Characterization of the antigenic, immunogenic, and pathogenic variation of infectious bursal disease virus due to propagation in different host systems (bursa, embryo, and cell culture). III. Pathogenicity

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Propagation and Molecular Characterization of Bioreactor Adapted Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolates of Malaysia

Propagation and Molecular Characterization of Bioreactor Adapted Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolates of Malaysia

Efficacy of two diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious bursal disease viruses in chicken from different types of bursal samples

Comparative in vivo pathogenicity study of an ITA genotype isolate (G6) of infectious bursal disease virus

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