Characterization of the Adaptation to Visuomotor Rotations in the Muscle Synergies Space

Severini, Giacomo; Zych, Magdalena

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00605

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, it appears that the anticipatory component of LMAs during drastically different locomotor tasks such as forward and backward walking is controlled by independent supra-spinal structures mapping on the same lower-level spinal pattern formation circuits. Similarly to what was observed for upper limb visuomotor rotations [119,120], also LMAs appear to be well described, at the neuromuscular level, by modulations of the activations of fixed or barely changing, set of muscle synergies [49,70,80,121,122]. More recently, Hagerdoorn et al [123] have shown, during adaptation to mediolateral perturbations, that the stability of muscle synergies to perturbations critically depends on gait speed, and that synergistic recruitment changes during adaptation at low gait speeds.…”

Section: Spinal Components Of Locomotor Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 60%

Locomotor adaptations: paradigms, principles and perspectives

Severini

Zych

2022

Prog. Biomed. Eng.

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The term “locomotor adaptations” indicates the alteration in motor commands that is automatically or volitionally generated in response to a perturbation continuously altering the task demands of locomotion. Locomotor adaptations have been widely studied, using a variety of experimental paradigms and analysis techniques. The perturbation can be expected or unexpected and constituted by a change in the movement environment, by forces actively pushing the person’s body segments, by a modification in the sensory feedback associated with the task or by explicit task instructions. The study of locomotor adaptations has been key in widening our understanding of the principles regulating bipedal locomotion, from the overall strategies driving the short-term adjustments of motor commands, down to the different neural circuits involved in the different aspects of locomotion. In this paper we will provide an in-depth review of the research field of locomotor adaptations. We will start with an analysis of the principles driving the evolution of bipedal locomotion in humans. Then we will review the different experimental paradigms that have been used to trigger locomotor adaptations. We will analyze the evidence on the neurophysiological correlates of adaptation and the behavioral reasons behind it. We will then discuss the characteristics of locomotor adaptation such as transfer, generalization, and savings. This will be followed by a critical analysis of how different studies point to different task-goal related drivers of adaptation. Finally, we will conclude with a perspective on the research field of locomotor adaptations and on its ramifications in neuroscience and rehabilitation.

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Section: Spinal Components Of Locomotor Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 60%

Locomotor adaptations: paradigms, principles and perspectives

Severini

Zych

2022

Prog. Biomed. Eng.

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“…To validate this speculation, we examined how motor adaptation affected the task-relevant modules. In the paradigm of motor adaptation, we apply unpredictable perturbation to motor output and cause error between the targeted and actual movements [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. To overcome the error, the motor output should be modulated appropriately.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some studies have identified possible differences between task-relevant dimensions and motion-relevant spatiotemporal modules [30][31][32], the relationship between the two concepts remains unclear. In particular, why low-rank motion-relevant modules (that barely reconstruct the original motion data) are relevant to task performance is unclear.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current study also examines the function of task-relevant modules while focusing on motor adaptation [26][27][28][29][30][31][32], where motion is modified in a trial-to-trial manner under the existence of motor error between targeted and actual motor outcomes. In the paradigm of motor adaptation, the relationship between motion and the task outcome changes by perturbation, such as unpredictable force applied to some body parts [25,26] or unpredictable changes in visual information reflecting the motion outcome [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several features of motor adaptation have revealed arm-reaching movements, how to modify motor outcomes in whole-body movements with hundreds of DoFs is unclear. Several studies have reported adaptation-dependent modulations of motion-relevant temporal modules [30][31][32]. Nevertheless, the task relevance of motion-relevant modules is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detecting task-relevant spatiotemporal modules and their relation to motor adaptation

2022

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How does the central nervous system (CNS) control our bodies, including hundreds of degrees of freedom (DoFs)? A hypothesis to reduce the number of DoFs posits that the CNS controls groups of joints or muscles (i.e., modules) rather than each joint or muscle independently. Another hypothesis posits that the CNS primarily controls motion components relevant to task achievements (i.e., task-relevant components). Although the two hypotheses are examined intensively, the relationship between the two concepts remains unknown, e.g., unimportant modules may possess task-relevant information. Here, we propose a framework of task-relevant modules, i.e., modules relevant to task achievements, while combining the two concepts mentioned above in a data-driven manner. To examine the possible role of the task-relevant modules, we examined the modulation of the task-relevant modules in a motor adaptation paradigm in which trial-to-trial modifications of motor output are observable. The task-relevant modules, rather than conventional modules, showed adaptation-dependent modulations, indicating the relevance of task-relevant modules to trial-to-trial updates of motor output. Our method provides insight into motor control and adaptation via an integrated framework of modules and task-relevant components.

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Motorisches Lernen

Effenberg

Schmitz

2022

Bewegung, Training, Leistung Und Gesundheit

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Characterization of the Adaptation to Visuomotor Rotations in the Muscle Synergies Space

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Locomotor adaptations: paradigms, principles and perspectives

Locomotor adaptations: paradigms, principles and perspectives

Detecting task-relevant spatiotemporal modules and their relation to motor adaptation

Motorisches Lernen

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