Characterization of suspended solids in Lake Biwa by measuring their elemental composition of Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Fe

Mito, Saeko; Kawashima, M.; Sohrin, Yoshiki

doi:10.1007/s102010200001

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Concentrations of particulate car- bon and nitrogen were measured with a CHN analyzer (PE-2400II, Perkin Elmer), whereas particulate phosphorus was determined as SRP after wet oxidization (Pujo-Pay and Raimbault 1994). Although these analyses do not discriminate inorganic and organic forms of particulate matter, we interpret these data as representing the concentrations of POC and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) and phosphorus (POP); we could ignore the possibility that calcium carbonate composes a large fraction of particulate carbon because particulate calcium concentrations are typically low in the area studied (Ͻ1 mol L Ϫ1 ; Mito et al 2002). Dissolved oxygen concentration was determined by the Winkler method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of dissolved organic matter in hypolimnetic mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in a large, monomictic lake

2006

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We tested the hypothesis that dissolved organic matter (DOM) is delivered to deep layers by convective mixing in winter, where it contributes to the mineralization of C, N, and P in the oxygenated hypolimnion of large (surface area 674 km 2 , maximum depth 104 m), monomictic Lake Biwa. Basin-scale, seasonal measurements of DOM concentrations revealed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) accumulated in the epilimnion during warm seasons and were redistributed into the deeper layer during winter overturn. Hypolimnetic DOC and DON decreased in concentration over the stratification period, indicating mineralization; the contributions of DOM to the total mineralization of C and N were 8% and 30%, respectively. Higher contribution of N relative to C suggests that the N-rich DOM was mineralized at depth. We failed to detect a significant contribution of dissolved organic phosphorus to P mineralization in the hypolimnion, which could be explained by substantial depletion in P relative to C and N of DOM; C : P and N : P ratios were 1,978 and 147, respectively. The data suggest that convective mixing in this monomictic basin delivers DOM to hypolimnetic depths, where it is mineralized during subsequent periods of stratification.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of dissolved organic matter in hypolimnetic mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in a large, monomictic lake

2006

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“…Therefore, in the present work, this value was used as the terrigeneous Mn/Al ratio. Mito et al (2002) measured particulate element/Al ratios in the northern and southern basins of Lake Biwa during the circulation period and reported 3.0 ¥ 10 -1 mol/mol for Fe/Al, 8.3 ¥ 10 -2 mol/mol for Ca/Al, and 5.6 ¥ 10 -3 mol/mol for Mn/Al. The element/Al ratios obtained in this study also agree well with those of Mito et al MCAR, mean crustal abundance ratio a Elemen/Al ratio is the slope of the linear regression line in Fig.…”

Section: Estimation Of Terrigeneous and Authigenic Fractions In Partimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, we cannot immediately use the MCAR, because the MCAR may be different from the element/Al ratio in limnetic terrigeneous matter that reflects the specific geology of the drainage area. Therefore, Sholkovitz and Copland (1982) and Mito et al (2002) assumed that biological and geochemical activity was very low in winter months when the lake was completely overturned, and estimated the element/Al ratio for limnetic terrigeneous matter from the ratio in the suspended particulate matter from that period. We also obtained the element/Al ratios in the terrigeneous matter of Lake Biwa in the same manner as the above reports.…”

Section: Estimation Of Terrigeneous and Authigenic Fractions In Partimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, the chemical aspects of the lake also have been discussed frequently. However, there are few reports on the geochemical behavior of trace elements (Haraguchi et al 1998;Mito et al 2002Mito et al , 2004Takaku et al 2003) compared to the many studies of major elements and nutrients (e.g., Fujinaga and Hori 1982;Horie 1984;Somiya 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Geochemical behavior of trace elements in Lake Biwa

et al. 2005

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A monthly survey of dissolved concentrations of various trace elements was performed in Lake Biwa. Particulate concentrations of the elements were also measured in early autumn and winter. Based on these results, the geochemical behaviors of trace elements are discussed. The redox-sensitive elements Mn and Fe showed characteristic vertical distribution profiles. Profiles of Mn changed drastically with the progression of the stagnation period. The dynamics of Ba were affected by the redox cycle of Mn. Dissolved V concentration showed a clear seasonal variation. In contrast, dissolved concentrations of Sr, Mo, Cu, Zn, and Ni were almost uniform, i.e., not dependent on the season or the depth. The distribution ratios of these elements between lake water and Mn nodules formed in the lake were calculated to assess their geochemical behaviors.

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“…These elements are effectively transformed into particulate matter through uptake by phytoplankton, oxidation, and adsorption in the basins. In a previous paper (Mito et al 2002), we demonstrated that suspended particulate matter in the North Basin contains substantial authigenic fractions of Si, P, Mn, and Fe. The particulate matter is scavenged and precipitated on sediments or discharged as suspended particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The budget of dissolved trace metals in Lake Biwa, Japan

et al. 2004

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A comprehensive study on the dynamics of dissolved elements (Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, As, Sr, Y, W, and U) in Lake Biwa was carried out using a clean technique. Lake water samples (n ϭ 523) were collected from six stations in the North Basin and three stations in the South Basin. River water samples (n ϭ 178) were collected from 14 major rivers flowing into the North Basin. Rainwater samples (n ϭ 89) were collected at Otsu. The river water was enriched with Mn, Al, Fe, P, and Zn and the rainwater was enriched with Zn, Al, Fe, and Mn compared to North Basin water during winter mixing. The residence times of dissolved species were estimated on the basis of input through the rivers and rain. The residence times for Ca, Mg, and Sr were about 8 years, the same as that for water. Mn, Al, Fe, and Zn showed the shortest residence times (0.05-0.19 year). A budget calculation suggested that more than 60% of the input of dissolved Si, P, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn was scavenged and retained in the lake sediments and/or discharged as suspended particles.

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Characterization of suspended solids in Lake Biwa by measuring their elemental composition of Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Fe

Abstract: We investigated the concentrations of particulate

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Role of dissolved organic matter in hypolimnetic mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in a large, monomictic lake

Role of dissolved organic matter in hypolimnetic mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in a large, monomictic lake

Geochemical behavior of trace elements in Lake Biwa

The budget of dissolved trace metals in Lake Biwa, Japan

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