“…Among the various electrophysiological techniques, dielectric spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful method for characterizing biological systems because it is non-invasive and label free (Schwan 1957, Gheorghiu 1993, Rigaud et al 1996, Prodan et al 2004, Dean et al 2008. It has been used to characterize biological systems over a large range of sizes-from peptides within supported membranes (Asami et al 2002) to whole tissue and organ samples (Schwan 1957, Raicu et al 2000, and is a useful method for the study of cellular death (McRae et al 1999, Patel andMarkx 2008).…”