Characterization of skeletal parameters in a cohort of North Italian rugby players

Caroli, B.; Pasin, Fédérico; Aloe, R.; Gnocchi, César; Dei, Alessandra; Galli, Carlo; Passeri, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s40618-014-0070-0

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Whilst studies around the globe have demonstrated that vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is a health concern affecting athletes [2]; not all elite cohorts have exhibited clinical deficiency, in support of the current findings [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. Unlike the majority of athletes, those competing at the elite level have access to a support network of dietitians that regularly monitor dietary intake and nutrient status by analysis of food diaries and blood screening.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Vitamin D Status and Supplementation Practices in Elite Irish Athletes: An Update from 2010/2011

et al. 2016

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Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern that is prevalent in Ireland. The vitamin D status of elite Irish athletes following implementation of a revised supplementation policy in 2010/2011 has not been explored to date. This study aimed to assess the vitamin D status of elite Irish athletes participating in high-profile sports and establish if equatorial travel, supplementation and/or sunbed use predict vitamin D status. Across Ireland, blood samples (n = 92) were obtained from cricketers (n = 28), boxers (n = 21) and women’s rugby sevens players (n = 43) between November 2013 and April 2015. Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Parathyroid hormone and adjusted calcium concentrations were measured by clinical biochemistry. Athletes completed a questionnaire that queried equatorial travel, supplementation and sunbed use. Vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D >50 nmol/L) was evident in 86% of athletes. Insufficiency (31–49 nmol/L) and deficiency (<30 nmol/L) was present in only 12% and 2% of athletes respectively. On average, athletes from all sport disciplines were vitamin D sufficient and 25% reported vitamin D supplementation which was a significant positive predictor of vitamin D status, (OR 4.31; 95% CI 1.18–15.75; p = 0.027). Equatorial travel and sun bed use were reported in 47% and 16% of athletes respectively however these factors did not predict vitamin D status (both p > 0.05). Although different cohorts were assessed, the overall prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was 55% in 2010/2011 compared with only 14% in 2013/2015. Targeted supplementation is highly effective in optimising vitamin D status, negating the need for blanket-supplementation in elite cohorts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Vitamin D Status and Supplementation Practices in Elite Irish Athletes: An Update from 2010/2011

et al. 2016

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“…Interestingly, increased winter sun exposure in athletes from northern climes – made possible by travelling to locations closer to the equator – improved vitamin D status more than oral supplementation [20]. Two studies that are more similar in scale and design to this one reported exacerbated hypovitaminosis in both soccer players training at 53° north [22] and rugby players training at 44° north [21] in the winter months. Hypovitaminosis was present, albeit to a lesser degree, in the summer months, indicating that the higher muscle masses of athletes require larger amounts of vitamin D [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies that are more similar in scale and design to this one reported exacerbated hypovitaminosis in both soccer players training at 53° north [22] and rugby players training at 44° north [21] in the winter months. Hypovitaminosis was present, albeit to a lesser degree, in the summer months, indicating that the higher muscle masses of athletes require larger amounts of vitamin D [21]. Hence, athletes living and training in the subarctic are likely to be at even greater risk than the general population and athletes living and training at lower latitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

25(OH)D levels in trained versus sedentary university students at 64° north

Jerome

Sticka

Schnurr

et al. 2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Purpose: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency is associated with compromised bone mineralisation, fatigue, suppressed immune function and unsatisfactory skeletal muscle recovery. We investigated the risk of 25(OH)D insufficiency or deficiency in endurance athletes compared to sedentary non-athletes living at 64° north.Methods: University student-athletes (TS) and sedentary students (SS) volunteered to participate in this study. TS engaged in regular exercise while SS exercised no more than 20 minutes/week. Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) scores for participants were determined. Vitamin D intake was assessed using the National Cancer Institute’s 24-hour food recall (ASA24). Fasting plasma 25(OH)D levels were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: TS reported higher activity levels than SS as assessed with MET-minutes/week and ranking of physical activity levels (p < 0.05). The reported mean daily intake of vitamin D was higher in TS compared to SS (p < 0.05) while 25(OH)D plasma levels were lower in TS than in SS (p < 0.05). In total, 43.8% of the TS were either insufficient (31.3%) or deficient (12.5%) in 25(OH)D, while none of the SS were insufficient and 13.3% were deficient.Conclusion: TS are at increased risk of 25(OH)D insufficiency or deficiency compared to their sedentary counterparts residing at the same latitude, despite higher vitamin D intake.

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“…PTH in A was lower than in NA, which was consistent with the observation by Durosier et al [ 26 ]. Several studies have demonstrated that PTH concentrations do not change or increase during exercise [ 27 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Lower concentrations of PTH coupled with higher calcium concentrations in A may indicate that endurance exercise induces permanent suppression of PTH secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclerostin as a novel marker of bone turnover in athletes

et al. 2016

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Sclerostin is a protein secreted by osteocytes that acts as an inhibitor of bone formation. It has been shown that physical activity affects sclerostin concentration and thus bone remodelling. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum concentrations of sclerostin, selected bone turnover markers (PTH, P1NP), 25(OH)D3 and the intake of calcium and vitamin D in physically active versus sedentary men. A total of 59 healthy men aged 17-37 were enrolled in the study (43 athletes and 16 non-athletes). The mean sclerostin concentration in the group of athletes (A) was significantly higher than in non-athletes (NA) (35.3±8.9 vs 28.0±5.6 pmol·l-1, p= 0.004). A compared with NA had higher concentrations of P1NP (145.6±77.5 vs 61.2±22.3 ng·ml-1, p= <0.0001) and 25(OH)D3 (16.9±8.4 vs 10.3±4.3 ng·ml-1, p= 0.004) and lower concentrations of PTH (25.8±8.3 vs 38.2±11.5 pg·ml-1, p= <0.0001). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 77% of A and 100% of NA. A and NA had similar daily energy intake. They did not differ as to the intake of calcium and vitamin D. We observed a negative correlation between the serum concentrations of sclerostin and calcium in the studied subjects. Our results suggest that regular, long-lasting physical training may be associated with higher concentration of sclerostin. It seems that increased sclerostin is not related to other bone turnover markers (PTH, P1NP).

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Characterization of skeletal parameters in a cohort of North Italian rugby players

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Vitamin D Status and Supplementation Practices in Elite Irish Athletes: An Update from 2010/2011

Vitamin D Status and Supplementation Practices in Elite Irish Athletes: An Update from 2010/2011

25(OH)D levels in trained versus sedentary university students at 64° north

Sclerostin as a novel marker of bone turnover in athletes

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