Characterization of size-fractionated particulate mercury in Shanghai ambient air

Xiu, Guangli; Jin, Qingxi; Zhang, Danian; Shi, Shuangyan; Huang, Xuejuan; Zhang, Wenying; Li, Bao; Gao, Pengtao; Chen, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.09.046

Cited by 75 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Based on this sampling volume, we calculated the detection limit of CVAFS method for particulate mercury to be about 3 pg m À3 . This is much lower than the particulate mercury concentrations reported by Wang et al (2002), Fang et al (2001), Wang et al (1996), Xiu et al (2005).…”

Section: Validation Of Methodscontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…Very low-particulate mercury concentrations in the atmosphere make it difficult to use CVAFS method for analyzing the mercury accurately in airborne particulate samples. But a few authors (Fang et al, 2001;Xiu et al, 2005) have successfully used the method when the samples of large air volumes were collected using high-volume sampler in polluted area. In our work, 1630 m 3 air was sampled using a high-volume air sampler capable of a flow rate of 566 L min À1 .…”

Section: Validation Of Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the importance of fractionation measurements of airborne mercury is well recognized, only a very limited number of investigations have been conducted in China. Total particulate mercury concentrations were measured in Changchun (Fang et al, 2001), northeastern China, and sizefractionated particulate mercury data have been presented for Shanghai (Xiu et al, 2005). A few data are reported on atmospheric mercury in Beijing and especially mercury concentrations of size-fractionated airborne particulates are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury concentrations in size-fractionated airborne particles at urban and suburban sites in Beijing, China

Wang

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

102

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Mercury concentrations in size fractions of airborne particulate matter obtained from urban and suburban sites in Beijing in 2003 and 2004 are presented in this paper. The average concentrations of total particulate mercury were 1.1870.82 ng m À3 with a range of 0.18-3.51 ng m À3 at the urban site and 0.6870.62 ng m À3 with a range of 0.13-2.40 ng m À3 at the suburban site. This is much higher than what is found in Europe and Northern America. The results implie that significant anthropogenic sources in Beijing contribute to the concentration of particulate mercury in air and therefore, to the mercury deposition in this region. There are clear seasonal variations in concentration of particulate mercury with highest concentrations in winter at urban and suburban sites. This illustrates the important contribution from coal burning to particulate mercury during the heating season. The mercury concentration in each size fraction of airborne particulates was closely related to its size range. The highest mercury concentration was found in the size fraction less than 1.1 mm with average concentrations of 0.5970.50 and 0.2970.26 ng m À3 at the urban and suburban sites, respectively. The mercury in this size fraction accounts for 45.779.5% and 41.978.2% of the total particulate mercury, respectively. This implies that a large fraction of the particulate mercury in this area can be transported long range before it becomes deposited. Based on the concentrations of size-fractionated particulate mercury in ambient air, the dry deposition fluxes of mercury were estimated to 407 mg m À2 a À1 at the urban site and 270 mg m À2 a À1 at the suburban site. More than 90% of the deposition flux came from particles larger than 1.1 mm despite a substantial fraction of the Hg found in particles less than 1.1 mm.

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Section: Validation Of Methodscontrasting

confidence: 47%

Section: Validation Of Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury concentrations in size-fractionated airborne particles at urban and suburban sites in Beijing, China

Wang

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

102

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“…However, the formation of PBM still remains uncertain. PBM may form by adsorption of gaseous mercury on aerosols, gas-particle transformation, and anthropogenic source emissions and could also exist naturally in geological material [Xiu et al, 2005;Malcolm and Keeler, 2007]. A second assumption that contributes to the uncertainties in %CPBM is the 30% limit on the …”

Section: Model Verification and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to Hg(II) gas-particle partitioning, FPBM is also formed from gas-particle transformation (conversion of GEM to GOM to PBM), such as occurs in coal combustion flue gas [Galbreath and Zygarlicke, 2000;Xiu et al, 2005;Lei et al, 2007;S. X. Wang et al, 2010].…”

Section: Potential Factors Affecting the Spatial Variability Of %Gommentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative contributions of gaseous oxidized mercury and fine and coarse particle‐bound mercury to mercury wet deposition at nine monitoring sites in North America

Cheng¹,

Zhang²,

Mao

2015

JGR Atmospheres

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Relative contributions to mercury wet deposition by gaseous oxidized mercury (%GOM) and fine and coarse particle-bound mercury (%FPBM and %CPBM) were estimated making use of monitored FPBM air concentration and mercury wet deposition at nine North American locations. Scavenging ratios of particulate inorganic ions (K + and Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Na + ) were used as a surrogate for those of FPBM and CPBM, respectively. FPBM and CPBM were estimated to contribute 8-36% and 5-27%, respectively, depending on the location, to total wet deposition. The rest of the 39-87% was attributed to the contribution of GOM. The average %GOM, %FPBM and %CPBM among all locations were 65%, 17%, and 18%, respectively. The relative distributions of %GOM, %FPBM, and %CPBM were influenced by Hg(II) gas-particle partitioning, urban site characteristics, and precipitation type. At the regional scale, %GOM dominated over %FPBM and %CPBM. However, the sum of FPBM and CPBM contributed to nearly half of the total Hg wet deposition in urban areas, which was greater than other site categories and is attributed to higher FPBM air concentrations. At four locations, %FPBM exceeded %GOM during winter in contrast to summer, suggesting the efficient snow scavenging of aerosols. The results from this study are useful in improving mercury transport models since most of these models do not estimate CPBM, but frequently use monitored mercury wet deposition data for model evaluation.

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Mercury emissions from industrial sources in China

Feng

Streets

Hao

et al. 2009

Mercury Fate and Transport in the Global Atmosphere

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Characterization of size-fractionated particulate mercury in Shanghai ambient air

Cited by 75 publications

References 43 publications

Mercury concentrations in size-fractionated airborne particles at urban and suburban sites in Beijing, China

Mercury concentrations in size-fractionated airborne particles at urban and suburban sites in Beijing, China

Relative contributions of gaseous oxidized mercury and fine and coarse particle‐bound mercury to mercury wet deposition at nine monitoring sites in North America

Mercury emissions from industrial sources in China

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