Characterization of selected paper documents from the archives of Palazzo Ducale (Venice), Italy using various analytical techniques

Ganzerla, Renzo; Gambaro, Andrea; Cappelletto, E.; Fantin, M.; Montalbani, Simona; Orlandi, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2008.08.003

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1b shows a very small peak at about 1542 cm −1 assigned to the amide II, which dates from the use of gelatin sizing (animal glue). 28 This band is only visible in samples E and I, while it is absent in sample G. The amide II band is related to the in-plane N–H bending and C–N stretching vibration of proteinaceous glues. 29 In view of the inorganic content of the paper samples studied, we have detected the presence of calcium carbonate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Multi-Analytical Approach for the Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Conservation–Restoration Treatment of Moroccan Historical Manuscripts Dating to the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries

et al. 2015

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The most critical steps during the conservation-restoration treatment applied in Moroccan libraries are the deacidification using immersion in a saturated aqueous calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) solution and the consolidation of degraded manuscripts using Japanese paper. The present study aims to assess the efficiency of this restoration method using a multi-analytical approach. For this purpose, three ancient Arabic Moroccan manuscript papers dating back to the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries were investigated to characterize the paper support and make a comparative study between pre-restoration and post-restoration states. Three structural and molecular characterization techniques including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy on (13)C with cross-polarization and magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C CP-MAS NMR), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to elucidate the cellulose main features, to identify the inorganic composition of the papers, and to study the crystallinity of the samples. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) allowed us to obtain a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the mineral fillers used in the manufacturing of the papers. Scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) ascertained the state of conservation of the different papers and helped us to study the elemental composition of the samples. After restoration, it was shown that the deacidification improved the stability of papers by providing an important alkaline buffer, as demonstrated using FT-IR and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) results. However, XRD and ICP-AES did not confirm the pertinence of the treatment for all samples because of the unequal distribution of Ca on the paper surface during the restoration. The consolidation process was studied using SEM analysis; its effectiveness in restoring torn areas was found to be significant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Multi-Analytical Approach for the Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Conservation–Restoration Treatment of Moroccan Historical Manuscripts Dating to the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation

Brown

Coppola

Modelli

et al. 2020

Preprint

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An innovative survey was conducted of the collections of the historical Biblioteca Classense, located in the urban area of Ravenna (Northern Italy). The survey aimed to evaluate the current conservation state of the book collections, where 297 paper-based items, including incunabulae, manuscripts and books, dating from the 14th to the 20th century, were selected for analysis. This innovative survey was carried out non-destructively by assessing degradation visually and by measuring NIR spectral data followed by multivariate data analysis. Chemical and physical paper properties, important for paper characterisation and implementation of conservation strategies were determined, including paper type, pH, degree of polymerisation, tensile strength, lignin, protein, and rosin content. This survey provided a significant quantitative dataset for rag paper covering a 600-year period. The analysis of DP changes over time allowed the first experimental estimation of the rate constant for historical rag paper, i.e., (4.2 ± 0.6)·10−7 year−1, which was validated with predictions based on the Collections Demography dose response function for historic paper taking into account the past climate in Ravenna. Statistical methods were employed to describe the correlations between the measured variables and different features of the books, suggesting that the degree of polymerisation can be used as a general proxy for rag paper mechanical strength.

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“…Pure animal glue was predominantly used from the 13th to the 17th century, when alum was introduced and mixed into the glue. In the 19th century, rosin gradually replaced gelatine as the main commercial sizing agent [4], following Moritz Illig's invention of rosin-alum sizing in 1807. Sizing with rosin-alum is now rare; reactive sizing agents, such as alkylketene dimer or alkyl succinic anhydride that work under neutral or alkaline conditions, became by far more common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An innovative survey was conducted of the collections of the historical Biblioteca Classense, located in the urban area of Ravenna (Northern Italy). The survey aimed to evaluate the current conservation state of the book collections, where 297 paper-based items, including incunabula, manuscripts and books, dating from the 14th to the 20th century, were selected for analysis. This innovative survey was carried out non-destructively by assessing degradation visually and by measuring NIR spectral data followed by multivariate data analysis. Chemical and physical paper properties, important for paper characterisation and implementation of conservation strategies were determined, including paper type, pH, degree of polymerisation (DP), tensile strength, lignin, protein, and rosin content. This survey provided a significant quantitative dataset for rag paper covering a 600-year period. The analysis of DP changes over time allowed the first experimental estimation of the rate constant for historical rag paper, i.e., (4.2 ± 0.6)•10 −7 year −1 , which was validated with predictions based on the Collections Demography dose response function for historic paper taking into account the past climate in Ravenna. Statistical methods were employed to describe the correlations between the measured variables and different features of the books, suggesting that the degree of polymerisation can be used as a general proxy for rag paper mechanical strength.

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Characterization of selected paper documents from the archives of Palazzo Ducale (Venice), Italy using various analytical techniques

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

A Multi-Analytical Approach for the Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Conservation–Restoration Treatment of Moroccan Historical Manuscripts Dating to the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries

A Multi-Analytical Approach for the Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Conservation–Restoration Treatment of Moroccan Historical Manuscripts Dating to the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries

Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation

Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation

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