Characterization of SARS-CoV-specific memory T cells from recovered individuals 4 years after infection

Fan, Yanying; Huang, Zitong; Li, Li; M, Wu; Tao, Yu; Koup, Richard A.; Bailer, Robert T.; Wu, Changyou

doi:10.1007/s00705-009-0409-6

Cited by 147 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Other T cell epitopes, both CD4 + and CD8 + , within the SARS-CoV M protein have also been reported [17,21]. In another study looking at SARSspecific memory T cell responses in SARS-recovered individuals at 4 years post-infection, 28.75% of them presented T cell responses to M peptides [22], further supporting the role of M protein in eliciting dominant cellular immunity during SARS-CoV infection.…”

Section: Characterization Of Sars-specific M29 Cd8 + T Cell Responsementioning

confidence: 70%

Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection

Chia

Tan

et al. 2016

Vaccine

424

382

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly contagious infectious disease which first emerged in late 2002, caused by a then novel human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The virus is believed to have originated from bats and transmitted to human through intermediate animals such as civet cats. The re-emergence of SARS-CoV remains a valid concern due to the continual persistence of zoonotic SARS-CoVs and SARS-like CoVs (SL-CoVs) in bat reservoirs. In this study, the screening for the presence of SARS-specific T cells in a cohort of three SARS-recovered individuals at 9 and 11 years post-infection was carried out, and all memory T cell responses detected target the SARS-CoV structural proteins. Two CD8(+) T cell responses targeting the SARS-CoV membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were characterized by determining their HLA restriction and minimal T cell epitope regions. Furthermore, these responses were found to persist up to 11 years post-infection. An absence of cross-reactivity of these CD8(+) T cell responses against the newly-emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was also demonstrated. The knowledge of the persistence of SARS-specific celullar immunity targeting the viral structural proteins in SARS-recovered individuals is important in the design and development of SARS vaccines, which are currently unavailable.

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Section: Characterization Of Sars-specific M29 Cd8 + T Cell Responsementioning

confidence: 70%

Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection

Chia

Tan

et al. 2016

Vaccine

424

382

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“…The development of an effective treatment strategy for SARS cases will require clarifying the precise mechanisms by which host immune responses control SARS-CoV infection. Cumulative evidence suggests that patients who recovered from SARS possessed specific acquired immunity based on both T and B cells (Yang et al, 2006(Yang et al, , 2007Li et al, 2008;Fan et al, 2009). However, the effector cells or molecules that act to eliminate SARS-CoV during the acute phase of the infection remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytic cells contribute to the antibody-mediated elimination of pulmonary-infected SARS coronavirus

et al. 2014

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While the 2002-2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) resulted in 774 deaths, patients who were affected with mild pulmonary symptoms successfully recovered. The objective of the present work was to identify, using SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) mouse infection models, immune factors responsible for clearing of the virus. The elimination of pulmonary SARS-CoV infection required the activation of B cells by CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, passive immunization (post-infection) with homologous (murine) anti-SARS-CoV antiserum showed greater elimination efficacy against SARS-CoV than that with heterologous (rabbit) antiserum, despite the use of equivalent titers of neutralizing antibodies. This distinction was mediated by mouse phagocytic cells (monocyte-derived infiltrating macrophages and partially alveolar macrophages, but not neutrophils), as demonstrated both by adoptive transfer from donors and by immunological depletion of selected cell types. These results indicate that the cooperation of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies and phagocytic cells plays an important role in the elimination of SARS-CoV.

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“…Of course, T cell responses are known to play their roles in protection against many viral infections and in supporting an anamnestic Ab response, because the anamnestic response of B cells depends on Agspecific memory CD4 + T cells for rapid reactivation and differentiation into Ab-secreting cells (14). Cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV were confirmed in both SARS patients and experimental animals (15,16), Memory T cell responses were detected in patients recovering from SARS 1, 2, and even 4 y later, although with a clear decline over time (17)(18)(19). Whether the memory T cell response will be maintained at a detectable level thereafter remains to be investigated.…”

Section: S Evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Is An Emerging Infmentioning

confidence: 92%

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Tang

Yan

Xin

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

508

468

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Six years have passed since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Previous studies indicated that specific Abs to SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) waned over time in recovered SARS patients. It is critical to find out whether a potential anamnestic response, as seen with other viral infections, exists to protect a person from reinfection in case of another SARS outbreak. Recovered SARS patients were followed up to 6 y to estimate the longevity of specific Ab. The specific memory B cell and T cell responses to SARS-CoV Ags were measured by means of ELISPOT assay. Factors in relation to humoral and cellular immunity were investigated. Six years postinfection, specific IgG Ab to SARS-CoV became undetectable in 21 of the 23 former patients. No SARS-CoV Ag-specific memory B cell response was detected in either 23 former SARS patients or 22 close contacts of SARS patients. Memory T cell responses to a pool of SARS-CoV S peptides were identified in 14 of 23 (60.9%) recovered SARS patients, whereas there was no such specific response in either close contacts or healthy controls. Patients with more severe clinical manifestations seemed to present a higher level of Ag-specific memory T cell response. SARS-specific IgG Ab may eventually vanish and peripheral memory B cell responses are undetectable in recovered SARS patients. In contrast, specific T cell anamnestic responses can be maintained for at least 6 y. These findings have applications in preparation for the possible reemergence of SARS.

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Characterization of SARS-CoV-specific memory T cells from recovered individuals 4 years after infection

Cited by 147 publications

References 21 publications

Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection

Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection

Phagocytic cells contribute to the antibody-mediated elimination of pulmonary-infected SARS coronavirus

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

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