Characterization of Salmonella enterica Contamination in Pork and Poultry Meat from São Paulo/Brazil: Serotypes, Genotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Gomes, Vasco T.M.; Moreno, Luisa Zanolli; Silva, Ana Paula S.; Thakur, Siddhartha; Ragione, Roberto M. La; Mather, Alison E.; Moreno, Andréa Micke

doi:10.3390/pathogens11030358

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the period from 2009 to 2018, the CDC reported 1,410 food-related salmonella outbreaks, of which 5.5% were associated with the consumption of pork (CDC, 2023). Gomes et al (2022) analyzed 780 samples of poultry and pork meat from Brazil, where 57 samples (7.3%) were identified as contaminated by salmonella. These contaminated samples were collected in 35 markets, of which 57.1% were classified as neighborhood butchers, 25.7% as supermarkets, 11.4% as municipal markets, and 5.7% as hypermarkets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foodborne disease in Brazil from 2015 to 2021: an exploratory study

OLIVEIRA JUNIOR,

MATTOS,

AMARO

et al. 2023

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

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For food to be considered healthy, among other aspects, it must be free of contamination that could lead to the development of foodborne diseases (FBDs). The hygienic and sanitary aspects of food consumed by the population as well as its incorrect handling procedures can cause FBDs. Many contaminated foods seem to have normal sensory characteristics, without changes in texture, flavor, and odor, so often those who consume it do not have the perception and understanding that food that appears to be perfect visibly brings risk internally when consumed, which can cause an FBD. Given these considerations, this study aimed to characterize, report, and quantify the occurrence of outbreaks of FBD affected in the North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast, and South regions of Brazil between 2015 and 2021 using as a source of data those notified via the Data Sheet Research in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). A total of 60,907 cases of food poisoning were recorded across the country due to FBD outbreaks, resulting in 71 fatalities. While the highest number of cases of foodborne outbreaks occurred in the southeast, the highest number of fatalities from FBD occurred in the north of the country. The highest percentage of FBD outbreaks occurred in homes (probably due to the period of the COVID-19 pandemic), although the causative food and the responsible microorganism remained unknown. In this way, it is possible to perceive that in addition to the underreporting that may exist and has already been reported by other articles on the subject, the numbers reported in the Brazilian health system may also demonstrate a lack of investigation into the cause of FBD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foodborne disease in Brazil from 2015 to 2021: an exploratory study

OLIVEIRA JUNIOR,

MATTOS,

AMARO

et al. 2023

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

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“…Furthermore, an MDR profile has been common in most isolates [49,135,194,195,197]. In a temporal comparative analysis, it was demonstrated that 46.1% of S. Heidelberg isolates were resistant to only one class of antimicrobials in 2005, while 100% of them were MDR in 2009 [199]. Brazilian S. Heidelberg isolates have demonstrated a high frequency of resistance (>50%) to streptomycin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, cefotaxime, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefoxitin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ceftiofur [197].…”

Section: Salmonella Heidelbergmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence, Dissemination and Antimicrobial Resistance of the Main Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars in Brazil

Kipper

Mascitti

Carli

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Salmonella infects poultry, and it is also a human foodborne pathogen. This bacterial genus is classified into several serovars/lineages, some of them showing high antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The ease of Salmonella transmission in farms, slaughterhouses, and eggs industries has made controlling it a real challenge in the poultry-production chains. This review describes the emergence, dissemination, and AMR of the main Salmonella serovars and lineages detected in Brazilian poultry. It is reported that few serovars emerged and have been more widely disseminated in breeders, broilers, and layers in the last 70 years. Salmonella Gallinarum was the first to spread on the farms, remaining as a concerning poultry pathogen. Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis were also largely detected in poultry and foods (eggs, chicken, turkey), being associated with several human foodborne outbreaks. Salmonella Heidelberg and Minnesota have been more widely spread in recent years, resulting in frequent chicken/turkey meat contamination. A few more serovars (Infantis, Newport, Hadar, Senftenberg, Schwarzengrund, and Mbandaka, among others) were also detected, but less frequently and usually in specific poultry-production regions. AMR has been identified in most isolates, highlighting multi-drug resistance in specific poultry lineages from the serovars Typhimurium, Heidelberg, and Minnesota. Epidemiological studies are necessary to trace and control this pathogen in Brazilian commercial poultry production chains.

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“…The Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) has become the most common serovar in pig production worldwide [ 3 ], including in Europe, the United States, and Brazil [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Additionally, ST has been recognized as a foodborne disease in humans, as contaminated pork is an considerable source of Salmonella infections in humans [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Assay to Assess Salmonella Typhimurium Impact on Performance and Immune Status of Growing Pigs after Different Inoculation Doses

et al. 2023

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Salmonella Typhimurium is the most frequent serovar in pigs and causes infections in humans. However, the dosage used for experimentation is not well defined. The present study aimed to evaluate a dosage for oral inoculation with Salmonella Typhimurium to assess immunological and growth performance alterations in pigs. Gilts were randomly allocated into one of three experimental treatments: no Salmonella Typhimurium inoculation (Basal), or oral inoculation of 1 × 108 or 1.5 × 108 colony-forming units of Salmonella Typhimurium. Growth rate, rectal temperature, and fecal Salmonella shedding were recorded. Blood samples were taken. Inoculated pigs shed the bacteria for up to 7 days, but no differences were observed between the groups. No differences were observed in rectal temperature, body weight, or average daily feed intake. However, reductions in average daily gain (−17 and −22%) and feed efficiency (−14 and −20%) were observed in pigs inoculated with 1 × 108 and 1.5 × 108 colony-forming units, respectively. The hemoglobin and hematocrit concentrations increased in challenged pigs compared to Basal pigs. The oral dosage of 1.5 × 108 colony-forming units of Salmonella Typhimurium is suitable for activating the immune system of pigs and assessing the impact of Salmonella on pig performance.

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Characterization of Salmonella enterica Contamination in Pork and Poultry Meat from São Paulo/Brazil: Serotypes, Genotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Foodborne disease in Brazil from 2015 to 2021: an exploratory study

Foodborne disease in Brazil from 2015 to 2021: an exploratory study

Emergence, Dissemination and Antimicrobial Resistance of the Main Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars in Brazil

A Simple Assay to Assess Salmonella Typhimurium Impact on Performance and Immune Status of Growing Pigs after Different Inoculation Doses

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