Characterization of rpoH in Acetobacter pasteurianus NBRC3283

Okamoto-Kainuma, Akiko; Ishikawa, Morio; Nakamura, Hodaka; Fukazawa, Shun; Tanaka, Noriko; Yamagami, Keigo; Koizumi, Yukimichi

doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.12.016

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In this study, genes encoding several molecular chaperons, including GroES, GroEL, DnaK, DnaJ, GrpE, and ClpB, were up-regulated (Figure 6C), suggesting the requirement of assistance from molecular chaperons to correctly fold and repair the damaged proteins under fermentation conditions. Unexpectedly, gene AS.694 encoding the reported regulator of these molecular chaperons RpoH (Okamoto-Kainuma et al, 2011) was down-regulated during fermentation (Figure 6C), indicating the elaborate transcription regulation of molecular chaperon genes, which requires further investigations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bacterial Acid Resistance Toward Organic Weak Acid Revealed by RNA-Seq Transcriptomic Analysis in Acetobacter pasteurianus

Yang

Yu²,

Fu³

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Under extreme acidic environments, bacteria exploit several acid resistance (AR) mechanisms for enhancing their survival, which is concerned with several aspects, such as issues in human health and fermentation for acidic products. Currently, knowledge of bacterial AR mainly comes from the strong acid (such as hydrochloric acid) stresses, whereas AR mechanisms against organic weak acids (such as acetic acid), which are indeed encountered by bacteria, are less understood. Acetic acid bacteria (AAB), with the ability to produce acetic acid up to 20 g/100 mL, possess outstanding acetic acid tolerance, which is conferred by their unique AR mechanisms, including pyrroloquinoline quinine-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, acetic acid assimilation and molecular chaperons. The distinguished AR of AAB toward acetic acid may provide a paradigm for research in bacterial AR against weak organic acids. In order to understand AAB’s AR mechanism more holistically, omics approaches have been employed in the corresponding field. However, the currently reported transcriptomic study was processed under a low-acidity (1 g/100 mL) environment, which could not reflect the general conditions that AAB are usually faced with. This study performed RNA-Seq transcriptomic analysis investigating AR mechanisms in Acetobacter pasteurianus CGMCC 1.41, a widely used vinegar-brewing AAB strain, at different stages of fermentation, namely, under different acetic acid concentrations (from 0.6 to 6.03 g/100 mL). The results demonstrated the even and clustered genomic distribution of up- and down-regulated genes, respectively. Difference in AR between AAB and other microorganisms was supported by the down-regulation of urea degradation and trehalose synthesis-related genes in response to acetic acid. Detailed analysis reflected the role of ethanol respiration as the main energy source and the limited effect of acetic acid assimilation on AR during fermentation as well as the competition between ethanol respiratory chain and NADH, succinate dehydrogenase-based common respiratory chain. Molecular chaperons contribute to AR, too, but their regulatory mechanisms require further investigation. Moreover, pathways of glucose catabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis are also related to AR. Finally, 2-methylcitrate cycle was proposed as an AR mechanism in AAB for the first time. This study provides new insight into AR mechanisms of AAB, and it also indicates the existence of numerous undiscovered AR mechanisms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bacterial Acid Resistance Toward Organic Weak Acid Revealed by RNA-Seq Transcriptomic Analysis in Acetobacter pasteurianus

Yang

Yu²,

Fu³

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The expression of chaperones such as GroES, GroEL, DnaJ, DnaK, and ClpB is regulated to varying degrees by rpoH. The rpoH disruption mutant strain has poorer tolerance to ethanol, acetic acid, and temperature changes than the parental strain (Okamoto-Kainuma et al 2011). Andrés-Barrao et al (2012 used A. pasteu rianus LMG 1262 T for oxidative fermentation in 3.9% ethanol and 0.1% acetic acid, and found that the expression of DnaK, GroES, and GroEL proteins were all upregulated in the late fermentation stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

Wang

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2021

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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In the industrial production of high-acidity vinegar, the initial ethanol and acetic acid concentrations are limiting factors that will affect acetic acid fermentation. In this study, Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 was used for acetic acid shake flask fermentation at an initial ethanol concentration of 4.3% (v/v). We conducted transcriptome analysis of K. europaeus CGMCC 20445 samples under different acidity conditions to elucidate the changes in differentially expressed genes throughout the fermentation process. We also analyzed the expression of genes associated with acid-resistance mechanisms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in ribosomes, citrate cycle, butanoate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate, and the fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. In addition, this study found that K. europaeus CGMCC 20445 regulates the gene expression levels of cell envelope proteins and stress-responsive proteins to adapt to the gradual increase in acidity during acetic acid fermentation. This study improved the understanding of the acid resistance mechanism of K. europaeus and provided relevant reference information for the further genetic engineering of this bacterium.

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“…RpoH controlled the expression of GroEL, DnaKJ, GrpE and ClpB to different extents [52–54]. In addition, the rpoH disruption mutant of A. pasteurians NBRC 3283 became apt to be affected by ethanol and acetic acid [55]. The results indicated the principal and significant role of RpoH in acetic acid fermentation and stressor resistance including acetic acid resistance in A. pasteurians .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of aspartic acid and glutamate on metabolism and acid stress resistance of Acetobacter pasteurianus

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAcetic acid bacteria (AAB) are widely applied in food, bioengineering and medicine fields. However, the acid stress at low pH conditions limits acetic acid fermentation efficiency and high concentration of vinegar production with AAB. Therefore, how to enhance resistance ability of the AAB remains as the major challenge. Amino acids play an important role in cell growth and cell survival under severe environment. However, until now the effects of amino acids on acetic fermentation and acid stress resistance of AAB have not been fully studied.ResultsIn the present work the effects of amino acids on metabolism and acid stress resistance of Acetobacter pasteurianus were investigated. Cell growth, culturable cell counts, acetic acid production, acetic acid production rate and specific production rate of acetic acid of A. pasteurianus revealed an increase of 1.04, 5.43, 1.45, 3.30 and 0.79-folds by adding aspartic acid (Asp), and cell growth, culturable cell counts, acetic acid production and acetic acid production rate revealed an increase of 0.51, 0.72, 0.60 and 0.94-folds by adding glutamate (Glu), respectively. For a fully understanding of the biological mechanism, proteomic technology was carried out. The results showed that the strengthening mechanism mainly came from the following four aspects: (1) Enhancing the generation of pentose phosphates and NADPH for the synthesis of nucleic acid, fatty acids and glutathione (GSH) throughout pentose phosphate pathway. And GSH could protect bacteria from low pH, halide, oxidative stress and osmotic stress by maintaining the viability of cells through intracellular redox equilibrium; (2) Reinforcing deamination of amino acids to increase intracellular ammonia concentration to maintain stability of intracellular pH; (3) Enhancing nucleic acid synthesis and reparation of impaired DNA caused by acid stress damage; (4) Promoting unsaturated fatty acids synthesis and lipid transport, which resulted in the improvement of cytomembrane fluidity, stability and integrity.ConclusionsThe present work is the study to show the effectiveness of Asp and Glu on metabolism and acid stress resistance of A. pasteurianus as well as their working mechanism. The research results will be helpful for development of nutrient salts, the optimization and regulation of high concentration of cider vinegar production process.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0717-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Characterization of rpoH in Acetobacter pasteurianus NBRC3283

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Bacterial Acid Resistance Toward Organic Weak Acid Revealed by RNA-Seq Transcriptomic Analysis in Acetobacter pasteurianus

Bacterial Acid Resistance Toward Organic Weak Acid Revealed by RNA-Seq Transcriptomic Analysis in Acetobacter pasteurianus

Transcriptome Analysis of Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

Effect of aspartic acid and glutamate on metabolism and acid stress resistance of Acetobacter pasteurianus

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