Characterization of risk for general population exposure to perfluorooctanoate

Fluorescence study on site-specific binding of perfluoroalkyl acids to human serum albumin

“…Therefore, the chemical in principle has the ability to compete and displace fatty acids from the protein, and consequently change the distribution between free and bound fatty acids in plasma. Given the fact that PFAAs' concentration in human blood samples from general population is in the nanogram per milliliter range (Olsen et al 2003a, b;Butenhoff et al 2004), it is very unlikely that they would compete with fatty acids. However, competition is still possible with other endogenous chemicals, which bind to HSA much weaker than PFAAs, or which are present at very low concentrations.…”

Comparative responses of rats and mice exposed to linear/branched, linear, or branched ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO)

“…Numerous repeated-dose studies have been conducted with linear/branched APFO in a variety of species (mice, rats, and monkeys), and these have been reviewed recently (USEPA, 2002;Butenhoff et al, 2004;Kennedy et al, 2004;). Together, these studies demonstrate that liver is the primary target organ for APFO toxicity.…”

Perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFAS) in the Nordic environment

“…Toxicity and ecotoxicity Today, very little is known about toxicity and ecotoxicity of PFAS related compounds. Some toxicity data exist for the already identified major environmental PFAS contaminants PFOS and PFOA (Butenhoff et al 2004). Recently, evidence for neonatal toxicity on Sprague-Dawley rats was reported (Grasty et al 2003, Thibodeaux et al 2003.…”