Characterization of resistance patterns and detection of apramycin resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from swine exposed to various environmental conditions

Mathew, A. G.; Arnett, Debbie B; Cullen, Patricia; Ebner, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(03)00124-7

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…They concluded that the absence of antimicrobial treatment records, the lack of written plans for treating sick animals, the failure to consult a veterinarian for treating sick animals, and the failure to complete an antimicrobial treatment course are factors that could lead to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The variation in the number of farms and cows that shed antimicrobial-resistant GN-EB could be influenced by conditions such as (i) transition of animals from one environment to another, (ii) change in nutrition, (iii) severe weather conditions, and (iv) interaction with other animals in the herd (11,23,33,38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial-Resistant Enteric Bacteria from Dairy Cattle

Sawant¹,

Hegde²,

Straley³

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

160

116

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A study was conducted to understand the descriptive and molecular epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative enteric bacteria in the feces of healthy lactating dairy cattle. Gram-negative enteric bacteria resistant to ampicillin, florfenicol, spectinomycin, and tetracycline were isolated from the feces of 35, 8, 5, and 42% of 213 lactating cattle on 74, 39, 9, 26, and 82% of 23 farms surveyed, respectively. Antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria accounted for 5 (florfenicol) to 14% (tetracycline) of total gram-negative enteric microflora. Nine bacterial species were isolated, of which Escherichia coli (87%) was the most predominant species. MICs showing reduced susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, spectinomycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline were observed in E. coli isolates. Isolates exhibited resistance to ampicillin (48%), ceftiofur (11%), chloramphenicol (20%), florfenicol (78%), spectinomycin (18%), and tetracycline (93%). Multidrug resistance (>3 to 6 antimicrobials) was seen in 40% of E. coli isolates from healthy lactating cattle. Of 113 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates, tet(B) was the predominant resistance determinant and was detected in 93% of isolates, while the remaining 7% isolates carried the tet(A) determinant. DNA-DNA hybridization assays revealed that tet determinants were located on the chromosome. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates (n ‫؍‬ 99 isolates) belonged to 60 subtypes, which is suggestive of a highly diverse population of tetracycline-resistant organisms. On most occasions, E. coli subtypes, although shared between cows within the herd, were confined mostly to a dairy herd. The findings of this study suggest that commensal enteric E. coli from healthy lactating cattle can be an important reservoir for tetracycline and perhaps other antimicrobial resistance determinants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial-Resistant Enteric Bacteria from Dairy Cattle

Sawant¹,

Hegde²,

Straley³

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

160

116

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“…The duration of use and the amounts used both had a significant effect on the prevalence of apramycin/gentamicin cross-resistance among diseased weaning pigs. In the United States, Mathew et al [25] exposed apramycin-treated pigs to various stress factors, such as cold stress, heat stress, overcrowding, intermingling, and poor sanitation. Data from this study indicate that the prevalence of E. coli with resistance to apramycin increased with exposure of the pigs to various stress factors.…”

Section: Presence Of Antimicrobial-resistant E Coli In Animals and Meatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Health Hazards from Antimicrobial‐ResistantEscherichia coliof Animal Origin

Hammerum¹,

Heuer²

2009

CLIN INFECT DIS

218

174

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Because of the intensive use of antimicrobial agents in food animal production, meat is frequently contaminated with antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli. Humans can be colonized with E. coli of animal origin, and because of resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents, these bacteria may cause infections for which limited therapeutic options are available. This may lead to treatment failure and can have serious consequences for the patient. Furthermore, E. coli of animal origin may act as a donor of antimicrobial resistance genes for other pathogenic E. coli. Thus, the intensive use of antimicrobial agents in food animals may add to the burden of antimicrobial resistance in humans. Bacteria from the animal reservoir that carry resistance to antimicrobial agents that are regarded as highly or critically important in human therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins) are of especially great concern.

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“…As reported by CDC (1998) (Barton, 2000). The threat of diseases caused by antibiotic resistant microorganisms become more complicated because antibiotics used in human medicine have similar structures to those used by the agricultural industry (Mathew et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%