Characterization of resin extracted from guayule (Parthenium argentatum): A dataset including GC–MS and FT-ICR MS

Abstract

Guayule ( Parthenium argentatum ), a shrub native to the arid region of the U.S. southwest and Mexico belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a source of high quality, hypoallergenic natural rubber with applications in pharmaceutical, tire, and food industries. Production of rubber results in a substantial amount of resin-containing residues which contain a wide variety of secondary metabolites (sesquiterpene esters, triterpene alcohols, fatty acids, etc.). In order to enhance the economic viability of guayule as an industrial crop, value-added use of the residues is needed and has the potential to reduce gross rubber production costs. The main objective of this research is the characterization of guayule resin using rapid and accurate analytical techniques to identify compounds of potential commercial value. Guayule resin is inherently complex and includes many high-molecular-weight and non-volatile compounds that are not easy to observe using traditional chromatographic techniques. The combination of two mass spectroscopy techniques: gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy (FT-ICR MS), were used to characterize the composition of the extracted resin from guayule ( Parthenium argentatum ). FT-ICR MS was used to characterize hundreds of compounds with over a wide range of molecular weights and degrees of aromaticity at higher levels of mass accuracy than other forms of mass spectrometry. GC–MS was used to identify volatile compounds like mono- and sesquiterpene compounds.

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray), a Renewable Resource for Natural Polyisoprene and Resin: Composition, Processes and Applications

“…Resin contains mostly terpenes and lipids, but also several molecules belonging to other classes of compounds. The following have been reported: monoterpenes (α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, sabinene, β-myrcene, limonene, terpinolene, β-ocimene, cadinene, dipentene, bornyl acetate) [ 52 , 53 , 54 ], sesquiterpenes esters (guayulins A, B, C, D), sesquiterpene alcohols [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], triterpenes (argentatins A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) [ 55 , 56 ], alkaloids (guayulamines A, B) [ 57 ], organic acids (cinnamic acid) [ 58 ], phytosterols [ 55 ], triacylglycerols (fatty acids: palmitic, stearic, arachidic, myristic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic) [ 50 , 51 ], flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides [ 59 ], and carotenoids [ 53 ]. A patent directly tackles the separation of the isoprenic constituents of guayule by liquid-liquid partitioning [ 60 ].…”

Composition of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) resin

“…The goal was to evaluate the fermentable sugars, and the approach was based on the acid hydrolysis process 5 . Last but not least, monoterpenes were found in the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves 8 , 24 , from resin 25 and a detailed list of monoterpenes in the resin was given by Dehghanizadeh 26 using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and FT-ICR MS (Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance with mass spectrometry) Fig. 1 presents a composite view from previous references cited.…”

Bio-Based Insect Repellents from Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Resin

“…A recent study on the characterization of guayule resin from simultaneous solvent extraction showed the presence of mono- and sesquiterpenes and their oxygenated derivatives (α- and β-pinene, D-limonene, β-phellandrene, β-eudesmol) . These molecules are among the active compounds listed in the literature for repellents. , Triterpenoids are another major group of compounds that have potential repellent activity; guayule produces a unique group of triterpenoids: argentatins. One study showed that medium-chain fatty acids derived from coconut oil performed better than DEET, creating the opportunity to address the human health issues associated with DEET, particularly for infants and pregnant women .…”

“…Vacuum distillation was chosen as the resin separation method since conventional distillation at higher temperatures was likely to degrade the thermolabile components in guayule resin. Resin fraction characterization methods were selected to characterize the widest range of compounds based on the whole resin compositions reported in previous studies. , Data from the repellency experiments were combined with estimates of the economic feasibility of guayule resin as a bio-based insect repellent. The first hypothesis was that the secondary metabolites in guayule resin will have lasting activity as insect repellents due to their relatively low volatility.…”