Characterization of residual stress and deformation in additively manufactured ABS polymer and composite specimens

Zhang, Wei; Wu, Amanda S.; Sun, Jessica; Quan, Zhenzhen; Gu, Bohong; Sun, Bin; Cotton, Chase; Heider, Dirk; Chou, Tsu‐Wei

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.07.017

Cited by 109 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It is heavily subject to warping as it cools, which makes it very difficult to print in many cases (as demonstrated in Figure 2). A heated bed and strong plate bonding are needed to process this material [15,17,18,56]. PC and ABS are similar in polarity, and might be compatible with each other in such a way that ABS will bind well with a PC print bed; the ABS-grafted rubber (butadiene) particle chains would remain insoluble, but bounded by their styrene acrylonitrile side-chains, producing effective physical properties with PC [54,58,59].…”

Section: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2a,b shows examples of this. Heating the bed can reduce the problem, but does not eliminate it, especially for large and complex parts and high-shrinkage materials [15,17,18]. There are several different extruders and build plate configurations available for FDM, primarily based on the need to process specific materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2a,b shows examples of this. Heating the bed can reduce the problem, but does not eliminate it, especially for large and complex parts and high-shrinkage materials [15,17,18]. Many tips and techniques have been proposed to deal with the problem, including the use of various kinds of tape as a surface [19,20], epoxy [21], and ABS juice (ABS dissolved in acetone) [22,23], as well as the use of PVA glue sticks [24], hairspray [23], and even powdered Jell-O ® [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of all the steps in the FDM process (Figure 1), the building of the first part layer on the print bed is the most vital to the successful production of the part. All other layers will use it as a base, so it must be very secure and steady, as well as flat and level [15,16]. Poor adhesion to the build plate could cause it to warp or detach from the bed during processing, destroying the part and often damaging the printer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Processing Behavior of Heated Aluminum-Polycarbonate Composite Build Plates for the FDM Additive Manufacturing Process

Messimer

Patterson

Muna

et al. 2018

JMMP

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Abstract:One of the most essential components of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing (AM) process is the build plate, the surface upon which the part is constructed. These are typically made from aluminum or glass, but there are clear disadvantages to both and restrictions on which materials can be processed on them successfully. This study examined the suitability of heated aluminum-polycarbonate (AL-PC) composite print beds for FDM, looking particularly at the mechanical properties, thermal behavior, deformation behavior, bonding strength with deposited material, printing quality, and range of material usability. Theoretical examination and physical experiments were performed for each of these areas; the results were compared to similar experiments done using heated aluminum and aluminum-glass print beds. Ten distinct materials (ABS, PLA, PET, HIPS, PC, TPU, PVA, nylon, metal PLA, and carbon-fiber PLA) were tested for printing performance. The use of a heated AL-PC print bed was found to be a practical option for most of the materials, particularly ABS and TPU, which are often challenging to process using traditional print bed types. Generally, the results were found to be equivalent to or superior to tempered glass and superior to standard aluminum build plates in terms of printing capability.

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Section: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2a,b shows examples of this. Heating the bed can reduce the problem, but does not eliminate it, especially for large and complex parts and high-shrinkage materials [15,17,18]. Many tips and techniques have been proposed to deal with the problem, including the use of various kinds of tape as a surface [19,20], epoxy [21], and ABS juice (ABS dissolved in acetone) [22,23], as well as the use of PVA glue sticks [24], hairspray [23], and even powdered Jell-O ® [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization and Processing Behavior of Heated Aluminum-Polycarbonate Composite Build Plates for the FDM Additive Manufacturing Process

Messimer

Patterson

Muna

et al. 2018

JMMP

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Remotely and Sequentially Controlled Actuation of Electroactivated Carbon Nanotube/Shape Memory Polymer Composites

Liu

Zhang

Leng

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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A shape memory material, when deformed to a temporary shape, can recover to its original shape under an external stimulus. [1] Owing to its low cost, ease in manufacturing, and high shape recovery ratio, shape memory polymer (SMP) has attracted more attention than metal and ceramic based shape memory materials. [1a,2] For SMPs, most of the research effort so far has focused on thermally activated shape recovery process using direct heating with an external heater. [3] In order to eliminate the external heaters and realize remote control, some research efforts have devoted to the study of filler/SMP composites activated by stimuli including electricity, [4] light, [5] and magnetic field. [6] Comparing to light-and magnetic fieldactivated filler/SMP composites, one of the significant advantages of electroactivated filler/SMP composites is the broad range of available conductive fillers, such as carbon black, [7] carbon nanotube (CNT), [8] carbon nanofiber (CNF), [9] short carbon fiber, [10] graphite oxide, [11] and metal particles. [12] In most of the above studies, the conductive filler/polymer matrix composites were processed using melt-blending and molding method. Furthermore, there are other facile methods for the fabrication of conductive filler/SMP composites. For example, Leng et al. [12b] fabricated conductive Ni chains with a magnetic field for the improvement of electrical conductivity of the SMP composite. Lu et al. [13] prepared CNF nanopaper/SMP composite with resin transfer molding process. Wang et al. [14] utilized a digitally controlled spraying-evaporation process to deposit CNT layers on SMP films for tunable electroactivated SMPs. Also, in recent years, the evolution of 3D printing technology attracted considerable interest due to its low cost and flexibility in the fabrication of complex structures. [15] The combination of 3D printing and stimulus-responsive materials, also known as 4D printing, has been extensively applied in the fabrication of intricate smart devices. [16] It is particularly noteworthy that some researchers have successfully fabricated conductive SMP actuators using 4D printing and demonstrated the electroactivated shape memory behavior. [17] However, the above limited researches have not provided a systematical investigation of the relations among printing parameters, electrical property, 4D printing technology is known as the combination of 3D printing techno logy and stimulusresponsive materials. 4D printed conductive filler/shape memory polymer composites have tremendous potential in the development of remotely and sequentially controlled smart devices. This work focuses on the temperature dependent volume resistivity, Jouleheating induced temperature distribution, and electroactivated shape memory behavior of 4D printed carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) under an applied DC voltage. The variation of volume resistivity of CNT/PLA composites with temperature can be attributed to matrix shrinkage and CNT contact resistance change. Enhanced elect...

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The influence of viscosity and composition of ABS on the ABS/SBS blend morphology and properties

Rossato

Lemos

Mantovani

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) shows excellent impact resistance and good stiffness. The incorporation of thermoplastic elastomer into ABS may consist in an interesting approach to further improve the toughness of ABS, in addition to tuning its compatibility with reinforcements. Blends of ABS and styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) were obtained by extrusion from different types of ABS with different SBS contents. The results showed that morphology and mechanical behavior of ABS/SBS blends depend strongly on the composition and characteristics of ABS matrix. An increase in elongation at break and slight decrease in modulus could be observed by increasing SBS content. ABS/SBS blend possessing good dispersion of rubber particles with sizes ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 μm of rubber particles exhibited the better performance of the impact resistance, whereas blends showing a predominance of relatively large particles resulted on poorer mechanical properties. These results suggest that viscosity and composition of ABS matrix play a significant role on the dispersion and coalescence of the dispersed phase during mixing. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47075.

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Characterization of residual stress and deformation in additively manufactured ABS polymer and composite specimens

Cited by 109 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization and Processing Behavior of Heated Aluminum-Polycarbonate Composite Build Plates for the FDM Additive Manufacturing Process

Characterization and Processing Behavior of Heated Aluminum-Polycarbonate Composite Build Plates for the FDM Additive Manufacturing Process

Remotely and Sequentially Controlled Actuation of Electroactivated Carbon Nanotube/Shape Memory Polymer Composites

The influence of viscosity and composition of ABS on the ABS/SBS blend morphology and properties

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