Characterization of regional CH 4 emanation and total particulate pollution from the underground coal mines

Abstract

Emission of methane from the underground coalmine is currently a global concern. The study aims to quantify the emission of potent toxic gases along with atmospheric dust in the suburbs of underground coal mines, in the field of Balochistan Pakistan. Related variables selected for quality check included particulate matter (i.e. PM10), CH4, O2, CO and elemental composition of PM10 (i.e. Cr, Cd, Co, Fe, Cu, Pb, Ni and Mn). A seasonal comparative study was designed. Widely applied GIS tool (i.e.IDW) was incorporated. Strengthening data with correlation matrix analysis apprehended interrelationship among the variables. Air quality variables were found above the safe allowable limits set by various standards (WHO, EPA, NIOSH, U.S National Ambient Air Concentration). No significant seasonal variation was recorded; but the pollutant concentration remained elevated during both seasons. Pearson correlation matrix analysis showed that CH4 had a strong negative correlation with O2. Moreover, air probed inside the underground coalmine showed a deteriorated status. This alarming status is primarily attributed to all the mining activities and secondarily to vehicular emissions, mine fire and poor ventilation system. This study will provide a baseline data for concerned authorities for planning management, pollutant prevention and strategies for environmental monitoring in future.