Characterization of Quaternary and suspected Quaternary faults, Amargosa area, Nevada and California

Anderson, R.E.; Crone, A.J.; Machette, M.N.; Bradley, Lee‐Ann; Diehl, S.F.

doi:10.3133/ofr95613

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In this area, the fault coincides with outcrops of coarse-grained Pliocene gravelly basin fi ll that are the oldest mapped units found in the central part of the Pahrump Valley ; these units are presumably uplifted along this part of the fault system. The fault is also coincident with a zone of late Quaternary scarps and lineaments in the Pahrump Valley (Hoffard, 1991;Piety, 1996;Anderson et al, 1995;Shields et al, 1998) and with the bedrock high that separates the northeastern and southwestern subbasins (Fig. 16).…”

Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Although beyond the limits of our combined gravity and seismic analysis, we infer that to the north of line SSN-19, the Stateline fault system follows a more northward-trending trace along the eastern margin of Stewart Valley, coincident with mapped young faults (Piety, 1996;Anderson et al, 1995;Shields et al, 1998). An older, inactive strand of the fault is exposed in the southern Montgomery Mountains where it cuts bedrock exposures of Neoproterozoic Stirling Quartzite (Burchfi el et al, 1983).…”

Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…While this latter method identifi es structures, it does not distinguish between different generations of high-angle faults, nor does it account for lateral variations in basin-fi ll density that might produce gravity anomalies that mimic those from faults. Other compilations (Anderson et al, 1995;McKittrick, 1998;Schmidt and McMackin, 2006) emphasize recent faulting. We have tried to combine all data sources, including geologic map data, recent faulting, gravity analysis, aeromagnetic observations, and seismic refl ection data, to pick the defi nitive location of the Stateline fault system in the study area (Fig.…”

Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2). Scarps and lineaments within young alluvial deposits defi ne a zone of late Quaternary deformation associated with the Stateline fault system in the Pahrump Valley (Hoffard, 1991;Piety, 1996;Anderson et al, 1995). Many of these features parallel and partially bound exposures of early Pleistocene?…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The subsurface confi guration, and location, of the fault differs from that expected based on surface mapping. Mapped Quaternary scarps cross the line at ~0 kmAP (Hoffard, 1991;Piety, 1996;Anderson et al, 1995) and the fault system was expected to be encountered along the east side of Stewart Valley and west of the low bedrock hills of the southern Montgomery Mountains (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Ssn-19 Refl Ection Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Multiple phases of basin formation along the Stateline fault system in the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys, Nevada and California

2010

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Two phases of deformation are needed to describe the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Pahrump and Mesquite basins in the southern Great Basin and eastern MojaveDesert, United States. By interpreting seismic refl ection and gravity observations along with bedrock and surfi cial mapping, we infer an extensional phase of basin formation followed by a transtensional phase, in this area straddling the border of southern Nevada and southeastern California. We reprocessed ~220 line km of industry seismic refl ection data from the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys to emphasize refl ections in the basin fi ll, and combined these results with analysis of gravity data. The seismic lines portray the complex geometry of the Stateline fault system, a major Neogene dextral strike-slip system that passes through these valleys, and provide evidence for multiple ages of faulting along structures that bound the Pahrump basin. Locally thick sequences of preextensional Tertiary sedimentary rocks are cut by large-offset, relatively high-angle normal faults that record a phase of extensional basin formation that preceded transtension. The existence of preextensional basins beneath the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys bears on tectonic reconstruction of the region and suggests that tilted ranges blocks to the west of these valleys need not restore to positions immediately adjacent to the Spring Mountains to the east. Subsequent dextral offset on the Stateline fault system resulted in the formation of steep-sided basins, local arching and tectonic inversion, and the burial of earlier-formed normal faults with coarse clastic detritus. Gravity models that are constrained to match the basin architecture observed in the seismic lines require lateral variations in basin-fi ll and bedrock density, and they confi rm that the Paleozoic outcrop of Black Butte, a topographic high separating the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys, is unrooted to underlying bedrock.

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Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Location Of the Stateline Fault Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ssn-19 Refl Ection Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Multiple phases of basin formation along the Stateline fault system in the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys, Nevada and California

2010

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Kinematic modeling of fault slip rates using new geodetic velocities from a transect across the Pacific‐North America plate boundary through the San Bernardino Mountains, California

et al. 2015

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Campaign GPS data collected from 2002 to 2014 result in 41 new site velocities from the San Bernardino Mountains and vicinity. We combined these velocities with 93 continuous GPS velocities and 216 published velocities to obtain a velocity profile across the Pacific-North America plate boundary through the San Bernardino Mountains. We modeled the plate boundary-parallel, horizontal deformation with 5-14 parallel and one obliquely oriented screw dislocations within an elastic half-space. Our rate for the San Bernardino strand of the San Andreas Fault (6.5 ± 3.6 mm/yr) is consistent with recently published latest Quaternary rates at the 95% confidence level and is slower than our rate for the San Jacinto Fault (14.1 ± 2.9 mm/yr). Our modeled rate for all faults of the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) combined (15.7 ± 2.9 mm/yr) is faster than the summed latest Quaternary rates for these faults, even when an estimate of permanent, off-fault deformation is included. The rate discrepancy is concentrated on faults near the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine earthquakes; the geodetic and geologic rates agree within uncertainties for other faults within the ECSZ. Coupled with the observation that postearthquake deformation is faster than the pre-1992 deformation, this suggests that the ECSZ geodetic-geologic rate discrepancy is directly related to the timing and location of these earthquakes and is likely the result of viscoelastic deformation in the mantle that varies over the timescale of an earthquake cycle, rather than a redistribution of plate boundary slip at a timescale of multiple earthquake cycles or longer.

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Regional groundwater flow in structurally-complex extended terranes: An evaluation of the sources of discharge at Ash Meadows, Nevada

Bushman

Nelson

Tingey

et al. 2010

Journal of Hydrology

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Characterization of Quaternary and suspected Quaternary faults, Amargosa area, Nevada and California

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Multiple phases of basin formation along the Stateline fault system in the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys, Nevada and California

Multiple phases of basin formation along the Stateline fault system in the Pahrump and Mesquite Valleys, Nevada and California

Kinematic modeling of fault slip rates using new geodetic velocities from a transect across the Pacific‐North America plate boundary through the San Bernardino Mountains, California

Regional groundwater flow in structurally-complex extended terranes: An evaluation of the sources of discharge at Ash Meadows, Nevada

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