Characterization of PVC/MWCNTs Nanocomposite: Solvent Blend

Abstract

Polyvinyl Vinyl Chloride (PVC) multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposite flexible films were prepared using the solvent blend technique. Chloroform (CHCl3) and tetrahydrofuran ((CH2)4O) were used as solvents for MWCNTs and PVC, respectively. The effect of the solvents’ blend on electrical, optical and thermal properties of PVC/MWCNTs were investigated. The results of the Raman spectrum showed that all the characteristic bands of PVC polymer have a slight shift due to addition of MWCNTs. Electrical results showed that the nanocomposite samples with chloroform volume ratios of 10% and 25% had nearly the same conductivity. This is attributed to the formation of the MWCNTs network, which assisted in electrical conductivity. The I-V hysteresis curve decreases as the temperature increases and as it approaches the glass transition temperature. The non-isothermal kinetics analysis for PVC and PVC/MWCNTs were investigated by Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA) using the model-free kinetic method. The non-isothermal measurements were carried out at five heating rates of 5 to 40∘C/min. The results show that the main decomposition process has constant apparent activation energies for all samples. The use of the bi-solvent method has improved the dispersion of untreated MWCNTs, and this has been reflected on the stability of both electrical and thermal properties.

Porous Carbon–Carbon Composite Materials Obtained by Alkaline Dehydrochlorination of Polyvinyl Chloride

“…An important problem in the synthesis scheme of PCCCM considered above is to ensure close interaction of the modifying additive nanoparticles with the initial polyvinyl chloride molecules (or aggregates of molecules). This problem is of interest, per se; it is considered in many studies where PVC modification by carbon NC is used to render antistatic or shielding properties to NC/PVC composite materials [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], to improve thermal or electrophysical properties [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], and to apply such materials in energy storage devices [ 41 , 42 ], chemical sensors [ 41 , 42 ] and microelectronics [ 39 , 44 ]. A uniform distribution of carbon nanoparticles in PVC melt or its solutions in organic solvents is obtained using ultrasonic treatment [ 33 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 ], preliminary surface functionalization of the modifying carbon nanoparticles [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], surfactant additives [ 49 , 50 ], and mechanical mixing in a dry form in special-purpose mills [ 35 , 39 , 42 , 43 ] or extruders [ 33 , 34 ].…”

“…This problem is of interest, per se; it is considered in many studies where PVC modification by carbon NC is used to render antistatic or shielding properties to NC/PVC composite materials [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], to improve thermal or electrophysical properties [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], and to apply such materials in energy storage devices [ 41 , 42 ], chemical sensors [ 41 , 42 ] and microelectronics [ 39 , 44 ]. A uniform distribution of carbon nanoparticles in PVC melt or its solutions in organic solvents is obtained using ultrasonic treatment [ 33 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 ], preliminary surface functionalization of the modifying carbon nanoparticles [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], surfactant additives [ 49 , 50 ], and mechanical mixing in a dry form in special-purpose mills [ 35 , 39 , 42 , 43 ] or extruders [ 33 , 34 ]. The analysis of available publications showed that the most efficient contact of the modifying additive with chloropolymer molecules (or aggregates of molecules) during the synthesis of such polymer–carbon nanocomposites is achieved in an ultrasonically treated liquid medium [ 33 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 ].…”

The influence of the Samples thickness on the structural and optical properties of Polyvinyl Chloride/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Films: Application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye.

“…We note a difference in the appearance of the two spectra with the appearance of additive peaks on the spectrum of the doped PVC, so we can say that the doping is successful. The lines located at 360.472, 356.671, and 696.756 cm − 1 are common and are due to the PVC, Which is attributed to the vibration of the elongation of the C-Cl bond [32]. While the additive lines, due to ZnO crystallites, are located between 315 to 322 cm − 1 and among 422 to 439 cm − 1 .…”

Preparation and characterization of nanocellulose from Albizia lebbeck sawdust and their application in nanocomposites using poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

“…They also reported that nanocellulose is generally considered as potential and excellent reinforcing ller for manufacturing nanocomposites as they are renewable, possess lightweight and is cost effective. Naim et al (2020) investigated and reported on the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposite for many industrial applications such as energy storage, chemical sensors and electronics etc. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was one of the rst polymers to be used in food packaging applications due to its wide acceptance for use in the preservation of foods.…”