Characterization of protonated and deuterated tetra-phenyl butadiene film in a polystyrene matrix

Gehman, V. M.; Ito, T. M.; Griffith, William C.; Seibert, S.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/p04024

Cited by 17 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The PMTs were electrically insulated from the gap by an acrylic box. Three of the four PMTs were made sensitive to the VUV emission of pure Ar by depositing a WLS films (based on TPB in polystyrene matrix [51]) on the inner box surface facing the EL gap in front of these PMTs. Let us designate this readout configuration as 3PMT+WLS.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the conversion efficiency of the TPB-based WLS, in our previous works [16,18] we used CE = 0.58 around 128 nm [51], CE = 0.40 at 300-400 nm [51,55,57] and CE = 0 above 400 nm. However, the TPB conversion efficiency at 128 nm has recently been significantly revised towards a decrease [58]: the correction factor reached 2.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing neutral bremsstrahlung in two-phase argon electroluminescence

Shemyakina

Bondar

Dolgov

et al. 2018

Astroparticle Physics

164

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Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases has long been used in two-phase detectors for dark matter search, to record ionization signals induced by particle scattering in the noble-gas liquid (S2 signals). Until recently, it was believed that proportional electroluminescence was fully due to VUV emission of noble gas excimers produced in atomic collisions with excited atoms, the latter being in turn produced by drifting electrons. In this work we consider an additional mechanism of proportional electroluminescence, namely that of bremsstrahlung of drifting electrons scattered on neutral atoms (so-called neutral bremsstrahlung); it is systemically studied here both theoretically and experimentally. In particular, the absolute EL yield has for the first time been measured in pure gaseous argon in the two-phase mode, using a dedicated two-phase detector with EL gap optically read out by cryogenic PMTs and SiPMs. We show that the neutral bremsstrahlung effect can explain two intriguing observations in EL radiation: that of the substantial contribution of the non-VUV spectral component, extending from the UV to NIR, and that of the photon emission at lower electric fields, below the Ar excitation threshold. Possible applications of neutral bremsstrahlung effect in two-phase dark matter detectors are discussed.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing neutral bremsstrahlung in two-phase argon electroluminescence

Shemyakina

Bondar

Dolgov

et al. 2018

Astroparticle Physics

164

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“…The first assembly, which will be referred to hereafter as PMT-UV, is comprised of a wavelength shifting plate supported above an 8-inch cryogenic Hamamatsu R5912-02mod PMT [8], which is mounted inside a mu-metal shield. The wavelength shifting plate is a 12-inch disc of clear acrylic upon one side of which is a coating of tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) suspended in a polystyrene matrix [24][25][26]. The purpose of the plate is to capture the 128 nm argon scintillation light and re-emit at visible wavelengths, with an emission spectrum peaked around 450 nm where PMT quantum efficiency is high [27].…”

Section: Experimental Configuration For This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dissolved methane upon liquid argon scintillation light

et al. 2013

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In this paper we report on measurements of the effects of dissolved methane upon argon scintillation light. We monitor the light yield from an alpha source held 20 cm from a cryogenic photomultiplier tube (PMT) assembly as methane is injected into a high-purity liquid argon volume. We observe significant suppression of the scintillation light yield by dissolved methane at the 10 part per billion (ppb) level. By examining the late scintillation light time constant, we determine that this loss is caused by an absorption process and also see some evidence of methane-induced scintillation quenching at higher concentrations (50-100 ppb). Using a second PMT assembly we look for visible re-emission features from the dissolved methane which have been reported in gas-phase argon methane mixtures, and we find no evidence of visible re-emission from liquid-phase argon methane mixtures at concentrations between 10 ppb and 0.1%.

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“…Lastly, the larger R11410 has been used in the Panda-X experiment (bottom array) and will be used by next-generation dark matter experiments, such as LZ, XENON1T/NT, and RED, among others. The experimental setup used for all measurements is shown schematically in Figure 1 and is similar to the one used in References [10,11,12]. A Model 632 Deuterium Light source, from McPherson, Inc. [13] created a broad spectrum extending from 110-950 nm with the window facing into a vacuum space pumped down to below 10 −4 Torr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of wavelength-dependent double photoelectron emission from single photons in VUV-sensitive photomultiplier tubes

Faham¹,

Gehman²,

Currie³

et al. 2015

J. Inst.

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Measurements of double photoelectron emission (DPE) probabilities as a function of wavelength are reported for Hamamatsu R8778, R8520, and R11410 VUV-sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). In DPE, a single photon strikes the PMT photocathode and produces two photoelectrons instead of a single one. It was found that the fraction of detected photons that result in DPE emission is a function of the incident photon wavelength, and manifests itself below ∼250 nm. For the xenon scintillation wavelength of 175 nm, a DPE probability of 18-24% was measured depending on the tube and measurement method. This wavelength-dependent single photon response has implications for the energy calibration and photon counting of current and future liquid xenon detectors such as LUX, LZ, XENON100/1T, Panda-X and XMASS.

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Characterization of protonated and deuterated tetra-phenyl butadiene film in a polystyrene matrix

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Revealing neutral bremsstrahlung in two-phase argon electroluminescence

Revealing neutral bremsstrahlung in two-phase argon electroluminescence

The effects of dissolved methane upon liquid argon scintillation light

Measurements of wavelength-dependent double photoelectron emission from single photons in VUV-sensitive photomultiplier tubes

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