Characterization of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritides. SDS-PAGE patterns: Clinical significance and prognostic value of low molecular weight (“tubular”) proteins

Bazzi, Claudio; Petrini, Concetta; Rizza, Virginia; Arrigo, Girolamo; Beltrame, Alessandra; D’Amico, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/s0272-6386(97)90005-6

Cited by 71 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…20,21 However, the test becomes inaccurate when difficulties with urine collection are encountered. To minimize collection and handling errors, patients should receive detailed instructions about 24-hour urine collection.…”

Section: -Hour Urine Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria

Naderi

Reilly²

2008

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Proteinuria is a common finding in primary care practice. Most adolescents who are diagnosed with proteinuria through screening urinalysis do not have renal disease, and the proteinuria will usually resolve on repeat testing. In contrast, proteinuria is suggestive of kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, primary renal disease, or other systemic illnesses. Quantification of proteinuria can be used longitudinally to monitor therapeutic effects of treatment of the underlying disease.

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Section: -Hour Urine Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria

Naderi

Reilly²

2008

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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“…In fact, renal lesions at different kidney locations show typical molecular weight urinary protein patterns [3,21,37]. Urinary proteins have been routinely studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), because compared to other techniques, it allows the analysis of different molecular weight proteins and is less time consuming [3]. Furthermore, it is the preferred method in cases of renal pathology when low and high molecular weight proteins are present in urine samples [33,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

et al. 2003

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-Canine leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in the Mediterranean area caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, which usually produces renal failure. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot using antibodies to IgG and IgA from dogs were carried out in the urine of 22 dogs with leishmaniasis diagnosed by ELISA and confirmed by PCR, and 20 healthy dogs. The results were compared to renal function laboratory tests and to those from a histopathological study of the kidneys from sick animals that died naturally or were euthanized. Five different bands with molecular weights ranging from 10 to 110 kDa were obtained from the electrophoresis of the urine of healthy dogs. 33.5% of total proteins corresponded to low molecular weight proteins and the other proteins had middle and high molecular weights. However, in the group with leishmaniasis, a maximum of 11 different bands with molecular weights ranging from 10 kDa to 150 kDa were displayed in the electrophoresis of the urine. The urine electrophoretic pattern in the sick dogs was classified as mixed (proteins with high and low molecular weights) because low molecular weight proteins made up 57.9% and the rest of the proteins had middle and high molecular weights. In Western blot, none of the healthy dogs showed excretion of IgG and/or IgA, whereas IgG and IgA were detected in the Western blot of urine of 68% and 55% respectively of dogs with leishmaniasis. The results obtained in the leishmaniasis group agreed with glomerular and tubular damage, which were confirmed by the histopathological findings. leishmaniasis / proteinuria / dog / SDS-PAGE / Western blot

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“…Traditionally, the occurrence of albuminuria has been held as a marker of altered glomerular permselectivity (3), whereas the occurrence of small-molecular-weight proteinuria has been linked to renal tubular damage (2). While albuminuria has been well studied in models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), relatively little is known about the occurrence of albuminuria with acute renal injury in people with CKD (6).…”

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On the nature of proteinuria with acute renal injury in patients with chronic kidney disease

Agarwal¹

2005

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Agarwal, Rajiv. On the nature of proteinuria with acute renal injury in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 288: F265-F271, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00318.2004.-Albuminuria is an excellent marker of cardiovascular and renal prognosis. Commercially available tests of immunodetectable albumin in the urine may not identify posttranslationally modified albumin that makes it undetectable to antibodies. Also, it is unclear whether albumin is degraded to smaller fragments, such as through proteolysis, in the course of acute renal injury. In 20 men with chronic kidney disease, we measured excretion rates of urinary protein (pyragallol red), immundetectable urinary albumin (immunoturbidimetry), and urinary total intact albumin (HPLC) after a single dose of 100 mg intravenous iron sucrose administered over 5 min. Fragmentation of urinary albumin and carbonylation of urinary proteins were assessed by immunoblotting. Results showed that iron infusion increased carbonylation of plasma and urinary proteins in a time-dependent manner. A transient increase in urinary excretion rates of total protein, immunodetectable urinary albumin, and total intact albumin was seen. Fragmentation and loss of immunoreactivity of albumin paralleled the changes in total protein excretion. In conclusion, fragmentation, loss of immunoreactivity, and oxidation of albumin in a time-dependent manner may underestimate the extent of injury with the immunoreactive microalbumin assay. Measurement of total intact albumin may better quantify acute renal injury. oxidative stress; albuminuria PROTEINURIA IS A HALLMARK of chronic renal injury, the quantity and quality of which are excellent markers of both the cardiovascular and renal prognosis (13). Traditionally, the occurrence of albuminuria has been held as a marker of altered glomerular permselectivity (3), whereas the occurrence of small-molecular-weight proteinuria has been linked to renal tubular damage (2). While albuminuria has been well studied in models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), relatively little is known about the occurrence of albuminuria with acute renal injury in people with CKD (6). The processing of urinary albumin with acute renal injury is also poorly defined.Data are emerging that antibody-based tests of albuminuria may not identify posttranslationally modified albumin that makes it immunounreactive (11). If immunoreactive domains on urinary albumin were lost in the setting of acute renal injury, it would make the use of urinary total intact albumin, a test not based on immunodetection but molecular size, more desirable over tests of urinary albumin based on immunodetection. Whether acute renal injury makes albumin immunounreactive is not known.Acute renal failure is characterized by activation of intrarenal proteases, which can potentially degrade albumin to smaller fragments. Whether degradation of albumin occurs with acute renal injury is also unclear. If albumin were fragmented, then neither a total intact albumin test nor the conventional, commer...

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Characterization of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritides. SDS-PAGE patterns: Clinical significance and prognostic value of low molecular weight (“tubular”) proteins

Cited by 71 publications

References 18 publications

Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria

Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

On the nature of proteinuria with acute renal injury in patients with chronic kidney disease

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