Characterization of proteins and fatty acid composition in galapagos fur seal milk. Occurrence of whey and casein protein polymorphisms

Trillmich, Fritz; Kirchmeier, Dorothea; Kirchmeier, O.; Krause, Ingolf; Lechner, Evelyn; Scherz, H.; Eichinger, H; Seewald, M. J.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(88)90102-2

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The proportions of casein to whey protein vary considerably between species (Anderson et al 1985), including the pinnipeds (Ashworth et al 1966;Trillmich et al 1988). A recent study (Cane et al 2005) shows that the average casein to whey ratios for the Australian and Antarctic fur seals (1 .…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…69, respectively) are similar to the ratio reported for the Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus (Ashworth et al 1966), but lower than the ratio of 2 . 1 reported for the Galapagos fur seal, A. galapagoensis (Trillmich et al 1988).…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Few milk proteins have been identified in pinnipeds (Ashworth et al 1966;Trillmich et al 1988;Ronayne de Ferrer et al 1996). Our recent studies (Cane et al 2005) showed the casein micelle of the Australian fur seal is composed of five caseins whereas Ronayne de Ferrer et al (1996) observed four casein bands after SDS-PAGE of milk proteins from the Southern elephant seal.…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The lipid content of fur seal milk is related to the duration of the proceeding foraging trip (Trillmich & Lechner, 1986), suggesting that the fat content of fur seal milk is adapted to satisfy the pups' need for sustaining normal activity during maternal absence (Arnold & Trillmich, 1985). The fatty acid profiles of milk lipid have been determined for a number of seal species, revealing changes associated with either diet or stage of fasting (Van Horn & Baker, 1971;Trillmich et al 1988;Ochoa-acuna et al 1999;Georges et al 2001).…”

Section: Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lactation cycle of the fur seal

Sharp

Cane

Arnould

et al. 2005

Journal of Dairy Research

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The fur seal is a mammal with an unusual ability to turn its milk production on and off without significantly altering the gross morphology of the mammary gland. This atypical lactation cycle is due to the fact that maternal foraging and infant nursing are spatially and temporally separate (Bonner, 1984). Maternal care involves the suckling of offspring over a period of at least 4 months, but lactation can extend to more than 12 months. Following a perinatal fast of approximately 1 week, females depart the breeding colony to forage at sea and, for the remainder of lactation, alternate between short periods ashore suckling their young with longer periods of up to 4 weeks foraging at sea. Whilst foraging at sea, milk production in the fur seal mammary gland either ceases or is reduced (Arnould & Boyd, 1995b).

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Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The lactation cycle of the fur seal

Sharp

Cane

Arnould

et al. 2005

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…By comparison with bovine milk, casein micelles found in northern fur seals milk were significantly larger, but the reason for this has not been addressed [86]. Caseins have been reported to account for 44-72% of the total protein in phocid milk [87,107], whereas in otariids, such as northern fur seals and Galapagos fur seals, casein accounted for 52 and 75%, respectively [83,86,108].…”

Section: Milk Composition In Pinnipeds and Other Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactation Strategies and Milk Composition in Pinnipeds

Riet-Sapriza¹

2020

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Maternal investment during lactation is higher than during gestation, and it is the most energetically expensive period in a mammal's life cycle. Pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, fur seals, and walruses) are one of the principal groups of aquatic mammals that are adapted to reside on land and at sea. During lactation they secrete and rapidly transfer lipid-rich and energy-dense milk to the pup, and they rely on land or ice to give birth to and nurse their pups, and as a consequence, foraging at sea and nursing of the young on land are separated by space and time. Lactation strategies in pinnipeds have evolved to meet particular environmental conditions, and because of their worldwide distribution, they have evolved into two main lactation strategies: fasting strategy and foraging strategy. Both strategies rely on energy reserves for the production of energy-dense and nutrient-rich milk. In comparison with the milk of land and marine mammals, the milk of pinniped is characterized by (a) high milk fat concentration and (b) the virtual absence of lactose. These two main differences in the milk composition are a result of the lactation strategies adopted by pinnipeds and their unique lactation physiology in which they need to transfer a high energy-rich milk in a certain period of time while conserving water.

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Positional analyses of triacylglycerol fatty acids in the milk fat of the antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella)

Puppione

Kuehlthau

Jandacek

et al. 1992

Lipids

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The positional distribution of fatty acids has been determined for the milk triacylglycerols of the Antarctic fur seal, Arctocephalus gazella. Of particular interest was the positional distribution of the polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids in milk triacylglycerols (TG). In adipocytes of pinnipeds, TG are synthesized with the n-3 fatty acids primarily in the sn-1,3 positions. To determine the positional distribution, extracts of enzymatically digested lipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography, and the constituent fatty acids were separated and quantified by gas-liquid chromatography. Monoenoic and saturated fatty acids comprised over 75% of the total, the ratio of monoenoic to saturated fatty acids being 2:1. The percent content of the long-chain n-3 fatty acids, 20:5, 22:5 and 22:6, ranged between 15-20%. The positional analyses revealed that at the sn-2 position of milk TG, saturated fatty acids were in excess (57%), and the content of n-3 fatty acids was less than 5%. More than 80% of the n-3 fatty acids in milk were located in the sn-1,3 positions. The data indicate that in pinnipeds TG are synthesized in the mammary gland and adipose tissue with fatty acids having similar positional distributions.

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Characterization of proteins and fatty acid composition in galapagos fur seal milk. Occurrence of whey and casein protein polymorphisms

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

The lactation cycle of the fur seal

The lactation cycle of the fur seal

Lactation Strategies and Milk Composition in Pinnipeds

Positional analyses of triacylglycerol fatty acids in the milk fat of the antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella)

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