Characterization of products of ozonolysis of acrylonitrile in liquid phase

Munshi, Hushider B.; Rao, K. V. S. Rama; Iyer, R.M.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(89)90519-2

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Air: Acrylonitrile emitted to air reacts primarily with photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals in the troposphere (Atkinson et al, 1982;Edney et al, 1982;Munshi et al, 1989;US DHHS, 1990;Bunce, 1996). The atmospheric half-life, based on hydroxyl radical reaction rate constants, is calculated to be between 4 and 189 hours (h) Cupitt, 1980;Edney et al, 1982;Grosjean, 1990b;Kelly et al, 1994).…”

Section: Environmental Transport Distribution and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modeling of environmental partitioning is based on a mean half-life for acrylonitrile in air of 55 h. The reaction of acrylonitrile with ozone and nitrate is slow, because of the absence of chlorine and bromine atoms in the molecule, and is not likely to constitute a major route of degradation (Bunce, 1996). The reaction of hydroxyl radicals with acrylonitrile yields formaldehyde and, to a lesser extent, formic acid, formyl cyanide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide (Edney et al, 1982;Spicer et al, 1985;Munshi et al, 1989;Grosjean, 1990a).…”

Section: Environmental Transport Distribution and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Assessment During Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) - Evaluation of the TIC-Master Computer Program

Medina¹,

Brandon²,

Hay³

et al. 2012

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The Army needs to manage threats from toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) during the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) Process. This work unit involved developing a database of TICs that could pose environmental/operational risk, creating an industry/chemical crosswalk, linking the chemical database to a GIS component, applying and evaluating the system in five hypothetical scenarios. The resultant program, which was christened "TIC-Master," has the capability to enhance urban theater of operations analysis to identify TIC/toxic industrial material (TIM) affiliated activities within the battlefield operational footprint and evaluate consequence management alternatives for decision support during the IPB process. TIC-Master was tested in a series of demonstrations. Facilities in the Jackson/Vicksburg MS area were used to test the program. Actual chemical data were obtained for several facilities by securing Tier 2 EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) reports for the facilities of interest. A test team was assembled to develop scenarios based on the industries represented by the facilities. TIC-Master was then used to address the scenarios. Although some deficiencies were identified, the program was successful at encompassing the chemical risk presented by the TICs found at the facilities. Plume modeling was used to assess release scenarios. Subsequent briefings of the program were conducted with potential users at the Army Maneuver Support Center of Excellence (MSCoE) and the Army Intelligency Center (AIC). Constructive suggestions were received and are presented in this document. Overall, the potential users agree that the TIC-Master could be a valuable tool for the Army and other organizations. Ultimately, populating tactical decision-making tools with critical information leads to a greater knowledge of the battlefield and increases survivability. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents.

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Section: Environmental Transport Distribution and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Transport Distribution and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%