Characterization of posed smile by using visual analog scale, smile arc, buccal corridor measures, and modified smile index

Krishnan, Vinod; Daniel, Sunish T.; Lazar, Don; Asok, Abin

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.04.046

Cited by 146 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many previous studies have used a visual analogue scale for aesthetic assessments (Kokich et al, 2006, Kiekens et al, 2007, Martin et al, 2007, Krishnan et al, 2008, Zange et al, 2011, De-Marchi et al, 2014, Meyer et al, 2014, Barber et al, 2015; however the variability and the intra-examiner reliability of aesthetic VAS ratings have recently been questioned (Barber et al, 2015). It has been suggested that due to the highly subjective nature of a VAS they are most appropriate for looking at change within individuals, rather than between individuals (Wewers and Lowe, 1990).…”

Section: Assessment Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Qadri¹,

Parkin

Benson³

2016

Journal of Orthodontics

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Objective: To investigate the opinions of laypeople regarding the aesthetic outcome of treating patients with developmental absence of both maxillary lateral incisors with either orthodontic space closure (OSC) or space opening and prosthetic replacement (PR). Design:Cross sectional, web-based survey.Methods: A panel of five orthodontists and five restorative dentists examined the post-treatment intra-oral images of 21 patients with developmental absence of both upper lateral incisors. A consensus view was obtained about the 10 most attractive images (5 OSC; 5 PR). The 10 selected images were used in a web-based survey involving staff and students at the University of Sheffield.In the first section the participants were asked to evaluate the attractiveness of the 10 randomly arranged single images using a 5-point Likert scale. In the second section an image of OSC was paired with an image of PR according to their attractiveness ranking by the clinician panel, and the participants were asked to indicate which of the two images they preferred. Results:The survey received 959 completed responses with 9590 judgements. The images of OSC were perceived to be more attractive (mean rating 3.34 out of 5; sd 0.56) compared with the images of PR (mean rating 3.14 out of 5; sd 0.58) (mean diff 0.21; P<0.001). Female and staff judges tended to give higher attractiveness ratings. Both females and males preferred the OSC images closing in 3 out of 4 paired images. Conclusion:Space closing was perceived to be more attractive than space opening by lay people.The findings have implications for advising patients about the best aesthetic outcome when both maxillary lateral incisors are missing.

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Section: Assessment Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Qadri¹,

Parkin

Benson³

2016

Journal of Orthodontics

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] A reason that smiles have not been readily studied in the past could be due to the difficulty in capturing a reliable, repeatable smile. Recent advances in technology have made it possible to study the smile through the use of videography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic smile analysis: Changes with age

Desai¹,

Upadhyay

Nanda

2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

154

158

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“…Janson 6 recently reviewed previous articles on this matter and concluded that images of actual patients are more acceptable SMILE ATTRACTIONS than digitally altered smiles. Therefore, we utilized nonmanipulated photographs of Japanese orthodontic patients to analyze smiles and found no significant difference between groups A and B for Width-4 (right buccal corridor 7,8,13,16 ), Width-5 (left buccal corridor 7,8,13,16 ), Width-6 (right posterior corridor 13 ), and Width-7 (left posterior corridor 13 ) evaluated by the dental students. This finding suggests that the buccal corridor is not correlated with human judgments of smile attractiveness in Japanese orthodontic patients when nonmanipulated images are used, and supports the results of previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transverse dimensional items 7,8,13,[15][16][17][18] and vertical dimensional items 7,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18] have been proposed for analyzing the attractiveness of frontal posed smiles, and these items have been reported to affect the smile attractiveness of orthodontic patients. However, in the present study, significant differences between the groups were found only in the items related to the vertical dimension, not the transverse dimension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimensional analyses of frontal posed smile attractiveness in Japanese female patients

Hata

Arai

2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To identify appropriate dimensional items in objective diagnostic analysis for attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese female patients by comparing with the result of human judgments. Materials and Methods: Photographs of frontal posed smiles of 100 Japanese females after orthodontic treatment were evaluated by 20 dental students (10 males and 10 females) using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The photographs were ranked based on the VAS evaluations and the 25 photographs with the highest evaluations were selected as group A, and the 25 photos with the lowest evaluations were designated group B. Then 12 dimensional items of objective analysis selected from a literature review were measured. Means and standard deviations for measurements of the dimensional items were compared between the groups using the unpaired t-test with a significance level of P , .05. Results: Mean values were significantly smaller in group A than in group B for interlabial gap, intervermilion distance, maxillary gingival display, maximum incisor exposure, and lower lip to incisor (P , .05). Conclusions: Significant differences were observed only in the vertical dimension, not in the transverse dimension. Five of the 12 objective diagnostic items were correlated with human judgments of the attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese females after orthodontic treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:127-134.)

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Characterization of posed smile by using visual analog scale, smile arc, buccal corridor measures, and modified smile index

Cited by 146 publications

References 20 publications

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Dynamic smile analysis: Changes with age

Dimensional analyses of frontal posed smile attractiveness in Japanese female patients

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