Characterization of PEDOT:PSS-reduced graphene oxide@Pd composite electrode and its application in voltammetric determination of vitamin K3

Abstract

Vitamin K 3 (VK 3 ), a synthetic blood coagulation vitamin with fat-solubility, easily results in side-effect in animal body due to its toxicity and improper addition of animal feedstuffs. In this study, a novel sensor based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a conducting polymer-both nano-noble metals and two-dimensional nano-carbon composite consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and reduced graphene oxide@palladium (rGO@Pd) was successfully used for the voltammetric detection of VK 3 in animal blood and feedstuff samples. Under the optimized conditions, PEDOT:PSS-CMC-rGO@Pd/GCE/GCE displayed the excellent synergistically electrocatalytic ability for the electrochemical oxidation-reduction of VK 3 , which exhibited a good voltammetric response for VK 3 in the concentration range from 4 × 10 -7 to 9 × 10 -5 M, with a limit of detection of 1.4 × 10 -8 M. Furthermore, a facile preparation, high sensitivity, good selectivity, superior sensing stability, and satisfactory practicability of PEDOT:PSS-CMC-rGO@Pd/GCE/GCE for sensing VK 3 suggested that the potential applicability of PEDOT:PSS-CMC-rGO@Pd provided a promising electrochemical sensing platform for the determination of VK 3 in pharmaceutical and feed inspection.

Electrochemical Oxidative Determination and Electrochemical Behavior of 4‐Nitrophenol Based on an Au Electrode Modified with Electro‐polymerized 3,5‐Diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole Film

“…The linear equations were obtained as follows: logI p (μA) = 0.7715logv (V s À 1 ) + 0.4795 (R 2 = 0.9981) and logI p (μA) = 0.8397logv (V s À 1 ) + 0.6638 (R 2 = 0.9993), respectively. Apparently, the values of slopes (0.7715 and 0.8397) were between the theoretical values of 0.5 and 1 [38,48]. The theoretical value is 1 for the adsorption-controlled process.…”

Layer-by-Layer-Assembled AuNPs-Decorated First-Generation Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer with Reduced Graphene Oxide Core as Highly Sensitive Biosensing Platform with Controllable 3D Nanoarchitecture for Rapid Voltammetric Analysis of Ultratrace DNA Hybridization

“…The slope value is greater than the theoretical value of 0.5 for diffusioncontrolled process while smaller than the theoretical value of 1 for the adsorption-controlled electrode process, suggesting that the redox peak derives not only from the molecules adsorbed on the surface of different modified electrodes before oxidation−reduction but also from the ones reaching the electrode surface by diffusion. 48,49 In addition, I pa and I pc of different modified electrodes almost overlapped (I pa /I pc ≈ 1.0), indicating good reversible redox behaviors and high structural stability.…”

Scientific Importance of Water‐Processable PEDOT–PSS and Preparation, Challenge and New Application in Sensors of Its Film Electrode: A Review

“…Meanwhile, they also synthesized PEDOT derivates with enhanced optical properties as optical sensors for the detection of anions and cations . PEDOT as a molecularly imprinted polymer has been exploited for the important recognition element of analytes combined with electrochemical methods, but still few reports on PEDOT film as molecular imprinting sensors owing to its denseness and smoothness in morphology and structure . Furthermore, all kinds of macrocyclic hosts like crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarene, catenanes, rotaxanes, pillararene, and cyclophanes combined with PEDOTs and their composites have been employing for the architecture of mimetic‐sensors.…”

“…Malliaras studied and reviewed transistors (Scheme ) based on PEDOT–PSS for chemo/bio‐sensing applications . Wen et al reported PEDOT–PSS electrochemical chemo/biosensors based on based on carbon materials, metal materials, clay materials, conducting polymers, grapheme‐like materials for agricultural application, especially the determination of toxic and harmful substances (e.g., heavy metals, agricultural chemicals, food additives, and toxins) in agricultural environments, edible agro‐products, agricultural food, including important bio‐substances (e.g., amino acids, vitamins, antibiotics, and hormones) in livestocks, poultries, crops …”