CHARACTERIZATION OF PbS FILM PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

Abstract

PbS film has been produced by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method onto glass substrates using aqueous solution containing Pb(NO3)2, Na2SO3, NaOH and SC(NH2)2. The deposition was carried out at room temperature of 26°C and a stirring speed of 60 rpm for an hour. The PbS film has been characterized by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and optical absorption spectroscopy techniques. The PbS film is polycrystalline face centered cubic phase having randomly preferential orientation in the [101], [200], [220] and [400] directions. The texture coefficient, lattice parameter, strain, crystallite size, and dislocation density were estimated from x-ray diffraction results. Fourier transform infrared result reveals that the presence of PbS and various functional groups in PbS sample. Raman spectrum of the sample shows PbS phase and lead oxysulfates. The optical band gap of the PbS film has been studied using the optical absorbance measurement as a function of wavelength between 200 and 2750 nm. The optical direct band gap of the sample is calculated to be 1.28 eV. The optical band gap of PbS sample exhibited a blue-shift compared with that of bulk PbS.

Formation of CdxPb1−xS/Cd1-δS thin-film two-phase compositions by chemical bath deposition: composition, structure, and optical properties

“…The low-frequency mode at 72 cm -1 can be attributed to transverse optical (TO) mode [48]. A close value of the phonon frequency (73 cm -1 ) in the Raman spectrum was reported in [49], and the peak at about 78 cm -1 , attributed to the A1g mode in PbS film, was observed in [43]. The weak Raman scattering line at a frequency of 179 cm -1 in the spectrum of PbS film belongs to the longitudinal optical (LO) mode, while the lines near 430 and 600 cm -1 originate from the first and second overtones of the main LO phonon modes of PbS, respectively [47].…”

“…The spectrum of PbS film indicates the presence of seven vibrational active Raman modes with centers at about 72, 134, 179, 275, 433, 603, 964 cm −1 [42][43][44]. For the high-symmetric cubic В1 structure ( Fm m 3 space group) of PbS film, the spectrum contains an intense peak at 133 or 134 cm -1 , which is responsible for the combination of longitudinal and transverse acoustic modes (LA+TA), as it was shown in [45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Kimyasal Banyo Biriktirme Yöntemiyle Elde Edilen İğne Deliksiz PbS İnce Filmler

“…Quantization effects are observed when the crystallite size of a semiconductor is near to or less than the bulk Bohr exciton radius [29,30]. Generally, when the crystallite size of PbS quantum dots decreases to 5-18 nm, it is seen [31].…”

Charge carrier transport in PbS films doped with iodine

“…The low-temperature CBD method is currently of significant interest owing to its technological simplicity, controllability and easy adaptation to production conditions. Optimization of the photoelectric characteristics of PbS is usually carried out either by annealing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere or by introducing into the reaction bath during the synthesis of the so-called oxidants (H 2 O 2 ; 23 Na 2 SO 3 , 24 a mixture of K 2 S 2 O 8 and H 2 O 2 25 and NH 2 OH·HCl 26 ), as well as various alloying additives. 27,28 The introduction of oxidants and alloying additives affects the film growth process, their composition and morphology and, consequently, their electrophysical and photoelectric properties.…”