Characterization of Particulate Matter Species in an Area Impacted by Aggregate and Limestone Mining North of San Antonio, TX, USA

Abstract

Aggregate and limestone mining in San Antonio’s Bexar and Comal counties in Texas, USA, has caused considerable health concerns as of late. Aggregate mining actions can result in localized air quality issues in any neighborhood. Furthermore, heavy truck traffic, hauling, and transportation of the mined material contribute to pollution. In this research, PM species were sampled at four locations north of the San Antonio city limits. The data were collected using a TSI Air Quality Sampler that sampled PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Continuous data with 1 min averages were recorded during the study period from August to September 2019. The instrument was stationed at every location for a period of 7 days each. The four locations were a ranch, an open field, a residential compound, and an elementary school. PM1 and PM2.5 concentration levels were lower compared to PM10 concentrations at all four studied sites. Our results suggest that PM concentrations are primarily impacted by mining activities. PM species were highest at the residential compound due to its proximity to an active mining area, resulting in deleterious health effects for neighbors living in the vicinity of the sampled site.

Using Low-Cost Sensors to Assess PM2.5 Concentrations at Four South Texan Cities on the U.S.—Mexico Border

“…where X ij represents the ith concentration measured at site j over the study duration, and the number of observations is p [29,30,[62][63][64]. A low COD value (r < 0.2) indicates similar pollutant concentrations between two sites, whereas a value approaching unity indicates substantial difference in the absolute concentrations and confirms spatial heterogeneity between the two sites or two collocated samplers at one specific location.…”