Characterization of Particulate Matter for Three Sites in Kuwait

Brown, Kathleen Ward; Bouhamra, Walid; Lamoureux, Denise P.; Evans, John S.; Koutrakis, Petros

doi:10.3155/1047-3289.58.8.994

Cited by 76 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Low wind velocity was found to distribute the PM 2.5 dust more evenly in the sampled area when compared to increasing wind velocity that carried the PM 2.5 dust elsewhere from Kuwait arid areas. This phenomenon was found in agreement with the earlier findings (Zobeck et al 1999;Brown et al 2008;Engelbrecht et al 2009). Irrespective of the two seasons, observations revealed an increase in the rate of dust deposition (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The mean annual wind speed in Kuwait ranges from 10.0 to 13.8 mph (Saleh et al 1999;Jimenez et al 2009). Thus, wind in Kuwait attributes to the consistent dispersal of fugitive dust in the form of particulates such as PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1.0 throughout the year (Brown et al 2008;Engelbrecht et al 2009). Saleh et al (1999) and Brown et al (2008) carried out extensive studies in aftermath the Gulf War I in Kuwait and determined the physical nature and inorganic and organic constituent of particulate matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus, wind in Kuwait attributes to the consistent dispersal of fugitive dust in the form of particulates such as PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1.0 throughout the year (Brown et al 2008;Engelbrecht et al 2009). Saleh et al (1999) and Brown et al (2008) carried out extensive studies in aftermath the Gulf War I in Kuwait and determined the physical nature and inorganic and organic constituent of particulate matter. Tang et al (2005) and Brown et al (2008) showed high PM 2.5 (32 μg m −3 ) aftermath the Gulf War-I violating the percentage of Kuwait's air quality standards and revealed strong association between particulate matter and a variety of health hazards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Saleh et al (1999) and Brown et al (2008) carried out extensive studies in aftermath the Gulf War I in Kuwait and determined the physical nature and inorganic and organic constituent of particulate matter. Tang et al (2005) and Brown et al (2008) showed high PM 2.5 (32 μg m −3 ) aftermath the Gulf War-I violating the percentage of Kuwait's air quality standards and revealed strong association between particulate matter and a variety of health hazards. Their study showed PM 2.5 exceeding the USEPA (2010) permissible limits of 15 μg m −3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion model on PM 2.5 fugitive dust and trace metals levels in Kuwait Governorates

Bu-Olayan

Thomas

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Frequent dust storms and recent environmental changes were found to affect the human health especially in residents of arid countries. Investigations on the PM(2.5) fugitive dust in six Kuwait Governorate areas using dispersion Gaussian plume modeling revealed significant relationship between low rate of pollutant emission, low wind velocity, and stable weather conditions' matrix causing high rate of dust deposition in summer than in winter. The rate of dust deposition and trace metals levels in PM(2.5) were in the sequence of G-VI > G-I > G-II > G-V > G-III > G-IV. Trace metals were observed in the sequence of Al > Fe > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cd irrespective of the Governorate areas and the two seasons. The high rate of dust deposition and trace metals in PM(2.5) was reflected by the vast open area, wind velocity, and rapid industrialization besides natural and anthropogenic sources. A combination of air dispersion modeling and nephalometric and gravimetric studies of this kind not only determines the seasonal qualitative and quantitative analyses on the PM(2.5) dust deposition besides trace metals apportionment in six Kuwait Governorate areas, but also characterizes air pollution factors that could be used by environmentalist to deduce preventive measures.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dispersion model on PM 2.5 fugitive dust and trace metals levels in Kuwait Governorates

Bu-Olayan

Thomas

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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“…In urban areas of developed countries the major sources of PM are of natural (mainly from marine aerosol and resuspension of soils and road dusts) and anthropogenic origin, traffic emissions being one of the major contributors. [7][8][9][10] In the past, the identification of the components associated with road traffic emissions was based on recognition of high enrichment in their lead and bromine content. 11 However, the European countries have phased out leaded gasoline and consequently there is no unequivocal marker of exhaust emissions from road vehicles 12 ; therefore, the recognition of other new markers, organic or inorganic, of road vehicle emissions is a priority.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Traffic Emissions on the Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Outdoor Breathable Particles

Slezáková

Castro

Pereira

et al. 2010

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Because polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been proven to be toxic, mutagenic, and/or carcinogenic, there is widespread interest in analyzing and evaluating exposure to PAHs in atmospheric environments influenced by different emission sources. Because traffic emissions are one of the biggest sources of fine particles, more information on carcinogenic PAHs associated with fine particles needs to be provided. Aiming to further understand the impact of traffic particulate matter (PM) on human health, this study evaluated the influence of traffic on PM 10 (PM with aerodynamic diameter Ͻ10 m) and PM 2.5 (PM with aerodynamic diameter Ͻ2.5 m), considering their concentrations and compositions in carcinogenic PAHs. Samples were collected at one site influenced by traffic emissions and at one reference site using lowvolume samplers. Analysis of PAHs was performed by microwave-assisted extraction combined with liquid chromatography (MAE-LC); 17 PAHs, including 9 carcinogenic ones, were quantified. At the site influenced by traffic emissions, PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations were, respectively, 380 and 390% higher than at the background site. When influenced by traffic emissions, the total concentration of nine carcinogenic compounds (naphthalene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b) fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, and dibenzo(a,l)pyrene) was increased by 2400 and 3000% in PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively; these nine carcinogenic compounds represented 68 and 74% of total PAHs (⌺ PAHs ) for PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively. All PAHs, including the carcinogenic compounds, were mainly present in fine particles. Considering the strong influence of these fine particles on human health, these conclusions are relevant for the development of strategies to protect public health.

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Air quality in Kuwait urban areas

Matar,

Al‐Otaibi,

Almutairi

et al. 2023

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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Air pollution is a serious issue that has an impact on human health all over the world. Improving air quality is a main part of environmental sustainability, and it begins with identifying contaminants and their sources. This paper examines air quality in urban areas and the background levels of pollutants in Kuwait by analyzing pollutant data from a number of fixed monitoring stations managed by the Environment Public Authority in the State of Kuwait. The concentrations of SO2, CO, O3, NO, and PM10 were measured at several sites in Kuwait. This study examines time series and wind rose plots for temporal and spatial variation, and pollutant sources. The results of this study show different variation patterns for SO2, which could be linked to traffic levels. There were similar daily profiles for CO, NO, and O3 at all the sites. Most of these pollutants exceeded the limits set by air quality standards.

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Characterization of Particulate Matter for Three Sites in Kuwait

Cited by 76 publications

References 30 publications

Dispersion model on PM 2.5 fugitive dust and trace metals levels in Kuwait Governorates

Dispersion model on PM 2.5 fugitive dust and trace metals levels in Kuwait Governorates

Influence of Traffic Emissions on the Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Outdoor Breathable Particles

Air quality in Kuwait urban areas

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