Characterization of Ovine Hypothalamic Hypophysiotropic TSH-releasing Factor

Burgus, Roger; Dunn, Thomas F.; Desiderio, Dominic M.; Ward, Darrell N.; Vale, Wylie; Guillemin, Roger

doi:10.1038/226321a0

Cited by 390 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since the initial isolation of TRH from the hypothalamus (3,21) it has become evident that this tripeptidke is distributed throughout the extrahypothalamic central nervous system (CNS) and spinal cord (2,16,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Effects of TRH in Preterm Rabbits

Hedner¹,

Hedner²,

Jonason³

et al. 1982

Pediatr Res

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SummaryThe respiratory activity in newborn preterm (29 days gestation) rabbits was studied after administration of thyrotropic releasing hormone. Intraperitoneal injection induced an increase in respiratory frequency (f) and a decrease in tidal volume (VT) resulting in a slight increase in pulmonary ventilation (VE). These effects were seen in parallel to a decrease in expiratory time (TE) and respiratory time (TToT). An increase in the TI/TTOT ratio but (unaffected) VT/TI ratio indicates that thyrotropic releasing hormone affects "respiratory timing" mechanisms rather than "inspiratory drive." The changes in respiratory parameters are most probably due to an effect on the central respiratory controlling centers in the brain stem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Effects of TRH in Preterm Rabbits

Hedner¹,

Hedner²,

Jonason³

et al. 1982

Pediatr Res

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“…Isolation and synthesis of the hypothalamic peptides that stimulate release of pituitary thyrotropin (TRF; Schally et al, 1966;Burgus et al, 1970), gonadotropin [LHRH (LRF); Matsuo et al, 1971] and GH (GRF; Spiess et al, 1982;Thorner et al, 1983;Esch et al, 1983) permit investigations into the dependence of physiological processes, including growth and metabolism on specific pituitary hormones. Administration of the respective peptides to domestic animals results in a rapid and sustained elevation of circulating prolactin (Davis et al, 1977), gonadotropin , and GH (Plouzek et al, 1983) have thus far been oriented only towards reproduction.…”

Section: Exogenous Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Endogenous and Exogenous Hormones for Red Meat Production

Schanbacher¹

1984

Journal of Animal Science

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SummaryGrowth and development of domestic livestock for red meat production are often discussed in the context of environmental factors, nutritional requirements, genetic potential and the anabolic agents affecting production efficiency. In this minireview, the effects of endogenous and exogenous hormones on animal growth are reviewed. The pituitary, pancreatic and gonadal hormones known to affect growth and(or) carcass composition are cited to illustrate and place into perspective the important contributions that the endocrine system makes to animal production. Manipulation of endogenous hormones through 1) administration of synthetic releasing and inhibiting peptides and 2) immunoneutralization techniques, will likely provide the livestock producer with new technological approaches for increasing red meat production. Researchers continue to evaluate the efficacy of natural and synthetic steroids, and combinations thereof, as suitable anabolic agents. In conclusion, several hormones of both endogenous and exogenous origin can be manipulated to improve or enhance growth and development of the meat-producing animal.

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“…Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide neurohormone (pGlu-His-Pro-NH 2 ), which was first isolated from the mammalian hypothalami as a factor that stimulates secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (Schally et al, 1969;Burgus et al, 1970). Stimulatory roles of TRH on the pituitary-thyroid axis have been well studied in mammals (Jackson 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

Ando

Urano

1998

Zoological Science

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ABSTRACT-The distribution of mRNA encoding thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) precursor in the brain of sockeye salmon was studied by in situ hybridization histochemistry using digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes as a basis to investigate its physiological functions in the salmon brain. Since seasonal variation in TRH gene expression was expected in relation to smolting or maturation, fish were sampled in February and October. In both groups, TRH mRNA was widely distributed in discrete brain regions including the internal cellular layer (ICL) of the olfactory bulb, postcommissural nucleus of area ventralis telencephali (Vp), nucleus preopticus parvocellularis anterioris (PPa), nucleus preopticus magnocellularis, dorsal zone of periventricular hypothalamus (Hd), torus semicircularis, and also the motor nucleus of vagus nerve in the medulla oblongata. TRH neurons in ICL and Hd are round and small with diameters of 5-10 µm. In contrast, TRH neurons in the ventral telencephalon and the preoptic area are medium-sized (10-20 µm), and appear to have multiple processes. Most of these cells are restrictively localized along the lateral margin of the preoptic nuclei. The number of TRH neurons in Vp and PPa was smaller in February than in October, suggesting a seasonal change of TRH neurons in the preoptic area. In the medulla oblongata, a cluster of large oval-shaped cells (20-30 µm) showed signals for TRH mRNA. The present results suggest that TRH may function as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator involved in olfactory activity and also autonomic motor integration, in addition to neurohormonal control of secretion of pituitary hormones.

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Characterization of Ovine Hypothalamic Hypophysiotropic TSH-releasing Factor

Cited by 390 publications

References 13 publications

Respiratory Effects of TRH in Preterm Rabbits

Respiratory Effects of TRH in Preterm Rabbits

Manipulation of Endogenous and Exogenous Hormones for Red Meat Production

Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

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