Characterization of Organic Matter From Two Different Soils by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography and Isoelectric Focusing

Ceccanti, B.; Alcañiz, Josep M.; Gispert, María; Gassiot-Matas, M.

doi:10.1097/00010694-198608000-00004

Cited by 74 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The contributions to the total variation of factors 1 to 5 (data not shown) were 39.0%, 24.7%, 11.9%, 10.0% and 5.9% respect-ively. Twelve peaks were the most representative of the overall variability among pyrograms when the multivariant regression of each of the five first factors and every peak By considering the correlation analysis and results reported by Irwin (1982), Ceccanti et al (1986) and Alcañiz et al (1987a,b) we have classi-fied the 12 peaks according to the type of organic matter which they represen!. Furfural, guaiacol, acetamide, vinyl-guaiacol and ethylphenol are sup-posed to derive from fresh organic matter while pyridine + o-xylene, cyclopentenone and styrene are the producís mainly representing the pyrolysis of the humified substances.…”

Section: Selection Of the Most Responsible Peaks For The Differ-encesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Styrene and oxylene were obtained by the pyrolysis of proteins as well as from carbohydrates and from the aromatic fraction of humus, and they clearly increase during humification (Alcañiz et al, 1987a). Acetic acid, furfural, acetophenone and acetamide derive from the thermal degradation of carbo¬hydrates (Saiz-Jiménez et al, 1979;Irwin, 1982;Ceccanti et al, 1986;Alcañiz et al, 1987a). Guaiacol, ethylphenol and vynil-guaiacol are characteristic producís of the pyrolysis of lignins, which tend to decrease during humification (Bracewell et al, 1980b;Alcañiz et al, 1987a).…”

Section: Extraction Yields Of Organic C and Amino Acid Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If BAAhydrolysing activity was mostly associated with humine, the low activity found in the soil resi¬dues could be explained by the mechanical disintegration of sodium pyrophosphate over the humine-enzyme complexes during the extraction (Ceccanti et al, , 1986). This action would sepárate some of these complexes bound through electrostatic bonds, rendering the enzymes unprotected and henee susceptible to proteolysis.…”

Section: Enzyme Activities Of Soil Extracts and Soil Residues And Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proteases have been extracted by 50 mM Na4P207 at pH 9 from a mu¬nicipal solid waste compost (Rad et al, 1995) and also by 140 mM Na4P207 at pH 7.1 from forest or permanent grassland soils (Nannipieri et al, 1980(Nannipieri et al, , 1982(Nannipieri et al, , 1985 but not from arable soils. The presence of humic molecules in pyrophosphate-extracted enzyme complexes from forest soils was demon¬strated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) (Ceccanti et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protease extraction from soil by sodium pyrophosphate and chemical characterization of the extracts

Bonmatí¹,

Ceccanti²,

Nannipieri³

1998

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Summary-Two arable soils and one pasture soil had previously been air-dried for 6 d and stored at room temperature. The enzyme activities remaining after this treatment were constant. The soils were then extracted with 140 mM sodium pyrophosphate at pH 7.1. Amino acid N and total organic C contení of soils and soil extracts, together with humic and fulvic acids contení of soil extraéis were deter-mined. Total organic C was determined in soil residues obtained after extraction. Chemical characterization of the organic matter of soils, soil extracts and soil residues was carried out by pyrol-ysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC). Protease activity was determined in soil extracts and soil residues by using three different substrates: N-benzoyl-Largininamide (BAA), specific for trypsin; N-benzyloxy-carbonyl-L-phenylalanyl L-leucine (ZPL), specific for carboxypeptidases, and casein, essentially non-specific. Comparative studies between specific activities referred to organic C in soils, soil extracts and soil residues and their corresponding pyrogram composition, and also between total extracted or residual activity and the humine or unhumified organic matter contení of the corresponding soil, allowed us to establish hypotheses about the type of organic matter the enzymes are associated with. From 12% to 21% of the soil organic C (33% to 39% of which were humic acids) and from 3% and 18% of amino acid N were extracted from soil using pyrophosphate. Py-GC analyses showed that pyrophosphate was effective in extracting condensed humic substances and glycoproteins and that the organic matter present in soil extracts was especially rich in intact or partially-decomposed fresh residues of carbohydrate origin and also in certain humus-associated proteins. Extracted BAA-hydrolysing activity accounted for 11% to 36% of the soil activity, depending on soil type. Extracted ZPL-and casein-hydrolysing activities were, with one exception, remarkably high, accounting for about 100% or even more of the soil activity, depending on soil type. According to the results BAA-hydrolysing proteases are probably mostly associated with highly condensed humus, ZPL-hydrolysing proteases with less condensed humic substances and casein-hydrolysing proteases with fresh organic matter.

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Section: Selection Of the Most Responsible Peaks For The Differ-encesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extraction Yields Of Organic C and Amino Acid Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzyme Activities Of Soil Extracts and Soil Residues And Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protease extraction from soil by sodium pyrophosphate and chemical characterization of the extracts

Bonmatí¹,

Ceccanti²,

Nannipieri³

1998

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…Pyrograms were interpreted by quantification of seven peaks corresponding to the major volatile pyrolytic fragments (Ceccanti et al, 1986): acetic acid (K), acetonitrile (E 1 ), benzene (B), toluene (E 3 ), pyrrole (O), furfural (N), and phenol (Y). The retention time (minutes) of the mentioned seven peaks (as standard) are the following: E1, 20.2, K, 23.1, B, 27.8, O, 30.9, E3, 34.7, N, 38.9, Y, 55.6 (Scheme 1).…”

Section: Pyrolysis-gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography to Evaluate the Organic Matter Quality of Different Degraded Soil Ecosystems

Macci¹,

Doni²,

Peruzzi³

et al. 2012

Advanced Gas Chromatography - Progress in Agricultural, Biomedical and Industrial Applications

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Isoelectric focusing in soil science

Alianiello¹

2003

J of Separation Science

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Applications of isoelectric focusing (IEF) in soil science are illustrated. The materials studied, i. e. humic substances and organic fertilisers, and their behaviour when subjected to IEF are briefly described. Preliminary studies carried out on soil indicate a relation between the isoelectric point and molecular weight, and a connection with humification has been hypothesised; therefore, assessment of soil conditions could be an application of IEF. Another application is evaluation of the stabilisation of organic fertilisers. Finally, IEF can be used to distinguish different organic matrices, as such and in mixtures with mineral fertilisers.

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Characterization of Organic Matter From Two Different Soils by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography and Isoelectric Focusing

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Protease extraction from soil by sodium pyrophosphate and chemical characterization of the extracts

Protease extraction from soil by sodium pyrophosphate and chemical characterization of the extracts

Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography to Evaluate the Organic Matter Quality of Different Degraded Soil Ecosystems

Isoelectric focusing in soil science

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