Characterization of optical fibers for optimization of a Brillouin scattering based fiber optic sensor

Brown, Kellie; Brown, Anthony W.; Colpitts, Bruce G.

doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2004.08.004

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Pressure increased gradually up to 28 MPa with 4 MPa gains at each step in intervals of 15 min. The experiment reveals double peaks in the Brillouin gain spectrum for each point of fiber A and one peak in the spectrum of fiber B; this difference may be attributed to different doping or refraction index profiles [10] . As pressurization occurred, the center frequencies of these peaks became notably lower.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Pressure dependence of Brillouin frequency shift in bare silica optical fibers

Gu¹,

Dong²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

中国光学快报

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The effect of hydrostatic pressure (up to 28 MPa) on Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) within two types of bare, single-mode fibers is studied via Brillouin optical time domain analysis technique. Experimental results show a negative linear relation between pressure and BFS, with almost the same sensitivity in both types of fibers. The average value of experimental slopes is -0.742 MHz/MPa. This value is found to be well suited to theoretical analysis on the basis of data on bulk silica glass in previous reports. This preliminary evaluation may result in a new method for distributed pressure sensing along silica optical fiber.

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mentioning

confidence: 88%

Pressure dependence of Brillouin frequency shift in bare silica optical fibers

Gu¹,

Dong²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

中国光学快报

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“…Fiber-optic distributed temperature, and/or strain, sensors have become very attractive for applications requiring sensing lengths of many kilometers, principally due to their cheapness and availability. Optical-fiber-based distributed sensor systems normally make use of the principle of optical time-domain reflectometry [34,35,38]. Therefore, an optical pulse is launched into one end of the fiber system and the variation of the scattered light is detected as a function of time, giving in this way information of temperature or strain as a function of distance.…”

Section: Active Qs Of a Dfb All-fiber Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Q‐switched and modelocked all‐fiber lasers based on advanced acousto‐optic devices

Cuadrado-Laborde

Dı́ez

Cruz

et al. 2011

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The interest in all-fiber lasers is stimulated by the inherent advantages they have over bulk lasers in aspects such as heat dissipation and robustness. The performance of Q-switched and modelocked fiber lasers can benefit enormously from the development of all-fiber configurations. A fiber laser with strictly all-fiber components can fulfil the requirements of mechanical stability, low maintenance, enhanced power efficiency, simplified assembly process, and low cost. In this framework, recent developments infiber acousto-optic devices are reviewed that have demonstrated new possibilities for actively Q-switched distributed feedback fiber lasers, modelocking lasers and doubly active Q-switched modelocked lasers. The aim is to demonstrate the great potential of infiber devices for the active control of different types of fiber lasers.

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“…1,2 The Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) is narrow (30 MHz) and can be recovered by sweeping the frequency difference between the two lightwaves. 3 The center frequency of BGS is shifted in proportion to longitudinal strain or temperature applied to it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brillouin optical correlation analysis system using a simplified frequency-modulated time division method

Choi

Kwon

2014

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. A time-division Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis system was successfully achieved using simplified laser diode (LD) modulation and pump lightwave optimization. A complicated transfer function for a precise output waveform of a LD was required for the conventional system. However, a very simple modulation function gave a power output very close to a required ideal rectangle waveform without sacrificing optical output spectrum. An electrical input waveform applied into a gate in the pump lightwave path was also optimized for eliminating a probe lightwave included in a pump lightwave and for passing consecutive pump pulses alternatively. So the stimulated Brillouin scattering gain was attained without seriously distorting FM modulation, and the targeted spatial resolution was clearly accomplished. Additionally, using high speed response of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), unlike an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), the possibility was investigated that an SOA was going to replace an EDFA and a modulator used as a gate in the same time. IntroductionOptical fiber sensors using Brillouin scattering have become effective tools for distributed measurement sensing strain or temperature in construction materials and structures. Brillouin scattering is a three-wave interaction between an incident photon, a backscattered photon, and an acoustic phonon. Pump and probe lightwaves propagating reversely to each other in an optical fiber interfere and excite the acoustic wave, and the refractive index grating caused by the acoustic wave couples the two lightwaves. This coupling gives rise to optical power transfer from the pump to the probe. The probe lightwave experiences gain through the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process when the optical frequency difference Δν between the probe and the pump is tuned to around the Brillouin frequency shift (ν B ) of the fiber.1,2 The Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) is narrow (30 MHz) and can be recovered by sweeping the frequency difference between the two lightwaves.3 The center frequency of BGS is shifted in proportion to longitudinal strain or temperature applied to it.A pulse lightwave was first used for the wave interaction and the BGS was measured as a function of time. It is called Brillouin optical fiber time domain analysis (BOTDA). This technology made it possible to measure longer than a 10-km optical fiber. 4,5 Due to the finite time required for the acoustic wave to be excited by the interaction of pulse pump and continuous probe, however, the spatial resolution of the conventional BOTDA systems is known to be limited to ∼1 m. Small amounts of backscattering induced by a pulsed lightwave need a large number of light pulses to obtain a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. So a long time is required to obtain the distribution information, and it has difficulty

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Characterization of optical fibers for optimization of a Brillouin scattering based fiber optic sensor

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Pressure dependence of Brillouin frequency shift in bare silica optical fibers

Pressure dependence of Brillouin frequency shift in bare silica optical fibers

Q‐switched and modelocked all‐fiber lasers based on advanced acousto‐optic devices

Brillouin optical correlation analysis system using a simplified frequency-modulated time division method

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