Characterization of optical constants for uranium from 10 to 47 nm

Brimhall, Nicole; Herrick, Nicholas; Allred, David D.; Turley, R. Steven; Ware, Michael; Peatross, Justin

doi:10.1364/ao.49.001581

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The helicities alternate between harmonic orders, similar to the circular case (). Elliptically polarized high harmonics with fully tunable ellipticity may be useful for ultrafast spectroscopy and HG-based ellipsometry 47 . Notably, the fact that the ellipticity is determined by the DS makes it much more robust to perturbations than in other techniques 30 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An elliptical DS () results in elliptically polarized eigenstates, and is useful for robust control of the ellipticity of all the high-order harmonics, collectively. These high harmonics would be useful for HG-based ellipsometry 47 . Furthermore, we explored non-collinear and solid HG and found that these include DSs that do not exist in the (2+1)D case: an inversion-time-translation DS that leads to odd-only harmonics (), an inversion-time-reversal DS that leads to linearly polarized harmonics (,), and improper-rotational DSs that lead to circularly/elliptically polarized high harmonics within the symmetry plane, and linearly polarized harmonics orthogonal to it ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Floquet group theory and its application to selection rules in harmonic generation

2019

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Symmetry is one of the most generic and useful concepts in science, often leading to conservation laws and selection rules. Here we formulate a general group theory for dynamical symmetries (DSs) in time-periodic Floquet systems, and derive their correspondence to observable selection rules. We apply the theory to harmonic generation, deriving closed-form tables linking DSs of the driving laser and medium (gas, liquid, or solid) in (2+1)D and (3+1)D geometries to the allowed and forbidden harmonic orders and their polarizations. We identify symmetries, including time-reversal-based, reflection-based, and elliptical-based DSs, which lead to selection rules that are not explained by currently known conservation laws. We expect the theory to be useful for ultrafast high harmonic symmetry-breaking spectroscopy, as well as in various other systems such as Floquet topological insulators.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floquet group theory and its application to selection rules in harmonic generation

2019

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“…Our method could open up a wide range of applications in coherent control and ultrafast chiral spectroscopy for processes with narrow resonances and above 10 fs durations (e.g., X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements [27], and spin-flipping in magnetic materials [45]). Furthermore, it may find use in HHG-based ellipsometry [37]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Harmonics with Controllable Polarization by a Burst of Linearly-Polarized Driver Pulses

et al. 2017

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Abstract:We theoretically explore a scheme for generation of bright circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics by bursts of linearly polarized pulses with a rotating polarization axis. Circularly polarized harmonics are formed if the bursts are comprised of N pulses that uphold an N-fold rotational symmetry, for N > 2. Rotating the polarization axes of the comprising pulses can generate elliptical harmonics with a collectively tunable ellipticity, from circular through elliptic to linear. The method preserves the single-cycle, single-atom and macroscopic physics of 'standard' linearly polarized high harmonic generation, with a high yield and cutoff energy. We investigate the method from a time-domain perspective, as well as a photonic perspective, and formulate the energy and spin-angular momentum conservation laws for this scheme. We find that the case of N = 4 is optimal for this method, resulting with the highest conversion efficiency of elliptical photons. The new features of this source offer new applications to helical ultrafast spectroscopy and ellipsometry.

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“…A hindrance for EUVL development is that the optical constants for many metallic materials in the EUV spectral range are not aptly determined. Inconsistencies are reported between different references for some materials [2,3]. In addition to the lack of calculated uncertainties for the optical constants of most materials, the accurate determination of the optical constants for materials becomes highly relevant for the development of next-generation EUVL optical components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-frequency analysis assisted determination of ruthenium optical constants in the sub-EUV spectral range 8 nm – 23.75 nm

Saadeh

Naujok²,

Philipsen³

et al. 2021

Opt. Express

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The optical constants of ruthenium in the spectral range 8 nm -23.75 nm with their corresponding uncertainties are derived from the reflectance of a sputtered ruthenium thin film in the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) spectral range measured using monochromatized synchrotron radiation. This work emphasizes the correlation between structure modelling and the reconstructed optical parameters in a detailed inverseproblem optimization strategy. Complementary X-ray Reflectivity (XRR) measurements are coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) based Bayesian inferences and quasi-model-independent methods to create a model factoring the sample's oxidation, contamination, and surface roughness. The sensitivity of the modelling scheme is tested and verified against contamination and oxidation. A notable approach mitigating the high dimensionality of the reconstruction problem is elaborated with the results of this work compared to two previously published datasets. The presented dataset is of high interest for the continuing development of Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) and EUV astronomy optical systems.

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Characterization of optical constants for uranium from 10 to 47 nm

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Floquet group theory and its application to selection rules in harmonic generation

Floquet group theory and its application to selection rules in harmonic generation

High Harmonics with Controllable Polarization by a Burst of Linearly-Polarized Driver Pulses

Time-frequency analysis assisted determination of ruthenium optical constants in the sub-EUV spectral range 8 nm – 23.75 nm

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