Characterization of Onchidiid Slug (Onchidium typhae) West Kalimantan Waters as Antibacterials and Antifungal

Abstract

Onchidiid slug (Onchidium typhae) is a nudibranch that coastal communities in West Kalimantan have widely used as wounds. The study aims to characterize the West Kalimantan water O. typhae as antibacterial and antifungal. The study of O. typhae was carried out in several stages: preparation and optimization, extraction by Quinn method, characterization and identification of bioactive compounds, and antibacterial and antifungal assay using the microdilution method. The result of the proximate test showed that O. typhae powder contains high protein, namely 67.68%. Phytochemical screening results from methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts contain alkaloids and amino acids. Methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extract 1% of O. typhae showed inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The most significant inhibition value was indicated by chloroform extract 1%, where the inhibition value against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans was 82±0.01%; 85.8±0.01%; 85±0.01%, respectively. From these results, O. typhae powder can be developed as a wound medicine through its antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Standardization of Secondary Metabolites and Heavy Metal Contamination Assay on Onchidiid Slug (Onchidium Typhae) West Kalimantan Waters

“…The results of this study are in line with previous studies that The Onchidium genus (Mollusca, Gastropod, Pulmonata, Systellommatophora, Onchidiidae family) is reported to have 60 active compounds including polypropionates, depsipeptides, terpenoids and other chemical components. Many biological activities of Onchidium such as anticancer, anti-viral and anti-bacterial and anti-fungi activities have been reported (Fernández et al, 1996;Fontana et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2021;Wijianto et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2018). The same slug of O. typhae has been reported to contain alkaloid using tube tests (Wijianto et al, 2022).…”

“…Many biological activities of Onchidium such as anticancer, anti-viral and anti-bacterial and anti-fungi activities have been reported (Fernández et al, 1996;Fontana et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2021;Wijianto et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2018). The same slug of O. typhae has been reported to contain alkaloid using tube tests (Wijianto et al, 2022).…”

“…The Onchidiid slug of the species typhae (O. typhae) is a gastropod of the family Onchidiidae. These marine animals are found in the seas of West Kalimantan and are exported as raw materials for medicines and cosmetics (Fernández et al, 1996;Guan et al, 2013;Wijianto et al, 2022). Thus, O. typhae in the waters of West Kalimantan has the potential to become a commodity with high economic value.…”

“…In addition, it was also known that the extracts of methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform had antifungal activity against C. albicans. Alkaloids, steroids, and flavonoids are thought to be responsible for antibacterial and antifungal activity (Wang et al, 2021;Wijianto et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2018).…”

UJI ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK METANOL SIPUT ONCHIDIID (Onchidium typhae) DENGAN METODE DPPH

“…Siput onhcidid dengan nama spesies onchidium typhae memiliki dalam cakupan Filum Mollusca, kelas Gastropoda , ordo Systellommatophora, famili Onchidiidae, dan genus Onchidium memiliki habitat di perairan air payau seperti wilayah brunei, kalimantan barat dan wilayah timur indo-pasifik [4]. Penelitian sebelumnya yang membahas tentang siput onchidid ini menjabarkan bahwa senyawa metabolit yang dimiliki ekstrak siput onchidid mengandung senyawa alkaloid [5]. Kandungan senyawa pada penelitian yang membahas tentang moluska jenis spitu laut dengan spesies Discodoris.…”