Characterization of Nutritional, Physicochemical, and Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Three Strawberry “Fragaria × ananassa Duch.” Cultivars (“Primoris”, “Endurance”, and “Portola”) from Western Region of Portugal

Abstract

In this study, nutritional composition (protein, lipids, carbohydrates, ash, and moisture), physicochemical properties (soluble solid content, titratable acidity, texture and instrumental colour on surface, and internal section), phytochemicals (total phenolic content and anthocyanin content), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH-2,2 -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) of three strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars (cv. "Primoris", cv. "Endurance", and cv. "Portola") produced in the western region of Portugal (Caldas da Rainha) were evaluated. From the obtained, results no significant differences (P > 0.05) in nutritional composition were detected in all of the cultivars; with the exception of lower protein content observed in cv. "Portola" (0.57 g/100 g ± 0.04; P < 0.05). Regarding the a* value of whole strawberry fruits, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in any of the cultivars, which revealed a similar redness. The cv. "Endurance" revealed the highest bioactivity content compared to the other cultivars. Overall, these results provide important information about the high quality of strawberry produced in the western region of Portugal and may be used as a tool for adding value to a functional food in the Mediterranean diet due to the phytochemical composition and nutritional value of strawberry fruits

Phenolic Content, Color Development, and Pigment−Related Gene Expression: A Comparative Analysis in Different Cultivars of Strawberry during the Ripening Process

“…These results agree with values previously reported in other strawberry cultivars [36][37][38]. For example, Ganhão et al (2019) [39] described similar result respect to the red color in the ripe stages of three cultivars from western Portugal region ("Primoris," "Endurance," and "Portola"). These authors showed that for a* values of whole strawberry fruits, no significant differences were found in any of the cultivars, which revealed a similar redness.…”

“…Finally, a recent study showed that total phenolic content of three different cultivars from western Portugal region displays significant differences ranging from 607 to 1314 mg GAE/100 g [39]. In the case of the cultivars produced in Portugal, "Portola" showed the lowest value of total phenolic content with 605.698 mg GAE/100 g; meanwhile, "Primoris" and "Endurance" display 942 and 1314 mg GAE/100 g, respectively [39]. Now, and even though the phenolic content of strawberry described depends on location and the time of year production, our results are in accordance with Ganhão et al (2019) [39], who describe "Portola" as the cultivar with the lowest phenolic content of the three cultivars analyzed.…”

“…These results suggest that anthocyanin accumulation begins later in fruit development in these cultivars but that it is more efficient than anthocyanin accumulation in fruit from the other two cultivars after the fruit are fully ripe. Agronomy 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 21 Finally, a recent study showed that total phenolic content of three different cultivars from western Portugal region displays significant differences ranging from 607 to 1314 mg GAE/100 g [39]. In the case of the cultivars produced in Portugal, "Portola" showed the lowest value of total phenolic content with 605.698 mg GAE/100 g; meanwhile, "Primoris" and "Endurance" display 942 and 1314 mg GAE/100 g, respectively [39].…”

“…Agronomy 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 21 Finally, a recent study showed that total phenolic content of three different cultivars from western Portugal region displays significant differences ranging from 607 to 1314 mg GAE/100 g [39]. In the case of the cultivars produced in Portugal, "Portola" showed the lowest value of total phenolic content with 605.698 mg GAE/100 g; meanwhile, "Primoris" and "Endurance" display 942 and 1314 mg GAE/100 g, respectively [39]. Now, and even though the phenolic content of strawberry described…”

Quality Attributes of Malaysia Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato at Different Peel Condition

“…Besides carbohydrates, starch also can be found as an important element in this tuber [3,4]. Moreover, the health-promoting effects associated with the consumption of sweet potato have been attributed to the abundance of nutrient compositions, including protein, dietary fiber, and vitamin C [4,5]. Therefore, the increased production of this tuber has been associated not only with high consumer acceptance due to its sensory attributes but also with the presence of beneficial biochemical composition for consumer health, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative compounds [6].…”