“…Reiner and co-workers were the first to use PGLC for identification and taxonomic studies of bacteria (21)(22)(23)(24)26). This technique also was used to identify and characterize fungi (3,9,29,30,35), Vibrio cholerae (6), Clostridium botulinum types A, B, and E (4), streptococcal cell wall components (7), purines and pyrimidines (8), proteins, peptides, and amino acids (13,14), nucleotides and nucleosides (33), and ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides, and dinucleotides (34). PGLC techniques also could be useful in space exploration for detection of extraterrestrial life (19,31).…”