Characterization of Nonfatal Events and Injuries Resulting from Youth Violence in Patients Presenting to an Emergency Department

Mollen, Cynthia J.; Fein, Joel A.; Vu, Tim N.; Shofer, Frances S.; Datner, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000101577.65509.95

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…12 Interestingly, of all violent events in one study, three quarters were classified as fights rather than assaults, with most incidents involving acquaintances or friends rather than strangers or family members. 13,14 Furthermore, alcohol and/or other psychoactive drugs, such as marijuana and cocaine, were more prevalent in intentional trauma than nonintentional trauma patients aged 10 years to 14 years. 15 Blood alcohol levels should be drawn as part of the trauma blood work panel even for pediatric patients once 10 years of age or older, especially if involved in intentional trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on pediatric intentional trauma

Avdimiretz

Phillips

Bratu

2012

Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on pediatric intentional trauma

Avdimiretz

Phillips

Bratu

2012

Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Sims et al 19 found violently injured youth admitted to trauma units have readmission rates as high as 44% due to assault and 20% mortality due to homicide over a 5-year follow-up; retrospective chart reviews note similar rates. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The ED is the primary medical setting for injured adolescents, [25][26][27][28] and an important setting for violenceprevention programs. [29][30][31][32][33] Given high rates of reinjury and potential for retaliatory violence, understanding the rates and correlates of firearm possession, past experiences with firearm violence, and source and reason for possession among high-risk assaultinjured youth is critical to inform prevention efforts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm Possession Among Adolescents Presenting to an Urban Emergency Department for Assault

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Violence involving firearms is a leading cause of death among US youth ages 14 to 24. The emergency department is the primary medical setting for care of assault-injured youth and an underused but important setting for violence-prevention programs.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Among assault-injured youth seeking emergency department care, firearm possession rates are high, most obtained outside of legal channels. Higher rates of negative retaliatory attitudes and substance use among those youth with firearms increases risk of future lethal violence. abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Firearm violence is a leading cause of death among youth. The objectives of this study were (1) determine firearm possession rates and associated correlates among youth seeking care for assault in an emergency department (ED); (2) understand differences in risk factors for youth with firearm possession; and (3) identify firearm possession characteristics in this population: type, reason for possession, and source of firearms. METHODS:Youth (14 to 24 years old) presenting to a Level 1 ED with assault were administered a computerized screening survey. Validated instruments were administered, measuring demographics, firearm rates and characteristics, attitudes toward aggression, substance use, and previous violence history.RESULTS: Among 689 assault-injured youth, 23% reported firearm possession in the past 6 months. Only 17% of those reporting firearm possession obtained the gun from a legal source; 22% reported ownership of highly lethal automatic/semiautomatic weapons and 37.1% reported having a firearm for protection. Logistic regression analysis identified significant correlates of firearm possession, including male gender, higher socioeconomic status, illicit drug use, recent serious fight, and retaliatory attitudes.CONCLUSIONS: ED assault-injured youth had high rates of firearm possession (23.1%), most of which were not obtained from legal sources. Youth with firearm possession were more likely to have been in a recent serious fight, and to endorse aggressive attitudes that increase their risk for retaliatory violence. Future prevention efforts should focus on minimizing illegal firearm access among high-risk youth, nonviolent alternatives to retaliatory violence, and substance use prevention. Dr Carter carried out the analyses, drafted the manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Drs Walton and Zimmerman were responsible for the initial conceptualization and design of the study, design of data collection elements, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Drs Newton and Whiteside assisted with the analysis, drafting of the manuscript, and critical review of the manuscript; Mr Clery assisted with the drafting of the manuscript and critical review of the manuscript; Dr Cunningham was responsible for the initial conceptualization and design of the study, design of data collection elements, aided in the analysis, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; and all authors approved the final manuscript...

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“…Assault injuries tend to occur more frequently in males than females, although the prevalence of female assault injuries has been increasing. 7,8 Within our study population, the most notable gender difference was that females had significantly higher rates of clinical range aggressive behavior on the CBCL as compared to males. Since aggression problems were significantly associated with co-morbid mental health symptoms across domains for both genders, but females in our sample had a higher prevalence of clinical range aggression than males, we suggest that assault-injured females may be a particularly vulnerable group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Both assault injuries and fighting behavior in females have increased in prevalence since the 1990’s. 7,8 Since physical aggression typically occurs less frequently in females than males in the population, it has been theorized that this type of behavior may represent a greater level of pathology when it occurs in females. 9 Therefore, in this study, we also examined behavioral characteristics of assault-injured youth by gender and the association between aggression and other mental health symptoms, particularly in females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Unmet Mental Health Needs in Assault-Injured Youths Presenting to the Emergency Department

Anixt

Copeland‐Linder²,

Haynie

et al. 2012

Academic Pediatrics

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Objectives To determine if there is a gap between behavioral symptoms and previously recognized mental health conditions in youth victims of peer assault injuries and to describe gender differences in psychological symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional comparison of rates of previously diagnosed mental health conditions and clinical range behavioral symptoms as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in 168 youth (10-15 years old) presenting to the emergency department (ED) after an interpersonal assault injury. Fisher’s exact test was used for comparisons. Results Mental health symptoms were common among assault-injured youth. More than half of youth demonstrating clinical range symptoms on the attention problems or anxious / depressed scales of the CBCL had no prior diagnosis of these conditions. Females were more likely than males to exhibit clinical range aggressive behavior symptoms (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.64-7.97). Aggressive behavior was associated with clinical range scores on the other problem scales of the CBCL. Conclusions After an ED visit for an assault-related injury, less than half of 10-15 year olds with significant symptoms of common mental conditions reported having a previously diagnosed disorder, reflecting a burden of unmet psychological needs. An ED visit for an assault injury provides an opportunity to screen for emotional / behavioral symptoms and to refer to appropriate follow-up mental health care. What’s New Assault-injured youth are likely to have unmet mental health needs. This study compares mental health symptoms after an assault injury to previously diagnosed mental health conditions and describes differences in mental health characteristics of assault-injured youth by gender.

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Characterization of Nonfatal Events and Injuries Resulting from Youth Violence in Patients Presenting to an Emergency Department

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Focus on pediatric intentional trauma

Focus on pediatric intentional trauma

Firearm Possession Among Adolescents Presenting to an Urban Emergency Department for Assault

Burden of Unmet Mental Health Needs in Assault-Injured Youths Presenting to the Emergency Department

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