Characterization of Newborn Born to Mothers Infected and Not Infected by Sars-Cov-2 During the Pregnancy Period

Abstract

Justification and Purpose: To characterize the mothers affected by SARS-CoV-2 during the gestational period, as well as to present and compare the birth variables of Newborns (NB) of mothers who were infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the gestational period in relation to babies whose mothers were not infected by the virus during the gestational period. Method: Quantitative, retrospective research, carried out in the databases of health information systems: SIVEP -Influenza (Information System for Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza), Notifies Covid-19 and Information System for Live Births (SINASC). The sample consisted of all live births and their mothers in the municipality of Cascavel/PR, from July 2020 to December 2021, compared to those newborns of mothers who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy in that period. Descriptive analysis of data using mean, standard deviation and proportion. Results: The study population consisted of 1578 women, 271 (17%) cases of Covid-19 Positive during pregnancy (GCP) and 1307 (83%) cases of Covid-19 Negative (GCN). From this population, the sample was constituted with 1302 live births of these women, in the city of Cascavel/PR, considering nine twins. The GCP was composed of 214 (16%) live births and the GCN with 1088 (84%). The mean gestational age at birth in the GCP was 37 (±3) weeks, in the GCN it was 38 (±2) weeks. Regarding premature births, these occurred in 46 (21.5%) of the deliveries in the PCG, and in 134 (12.3%) of the deliveries in the CGN. Birth via cesarean section occurred in 136 (63%) of the deliveries in the PCG and in 499 (46%) of the deliveries in the CGN. Mean birth weight was 3042 grams (±662 grams) in the GCP and 3163 grams (±589 grams) in the GCN.Conclusion: Observing the data presented, a higher proportion of births via cesarean section, a greater tendency for premature births in the PCG, can be observed. The follow-up of pregnant women with adequate prenatal care related to exposure to the virus, as well as the monitoring of babies born under this condition, must be a guideline to be followed by primary care health services, in order to ensure adequate conditions of care. development for these children, given the repercussions related to prematurity and lack of knowledge about possible changes resulting from SARS-CoV-2 contamination during the gestational period.