Characterization of natural colloids from a river and spring in a karstic basin

Atteia, Olivier; Perret, Didier; Adatte, Thierry; Kozel, Ronald; Rossi, Pierre

doi:10.1007/s002540050277

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similar PSDs have been observed with 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm pore-size filters (Peng et al 2009b). Moreover, effective retention of particles smaller than the nominal pore size has been reported elsewhere (Atteia et al 1998). Similar PSD patterns, with distinct curvature and peaks between 0.4 and 0.5 mm, were observed for the most common cases of clay mineral dominance, though higher concentrations prevailed throughout the range of sizes for the high runoff case (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Effler

Peng

2014

Limnology & Oceanography

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The dynamics of light scattering by minerogenic particles in the upper waters of Cayuga Lake, New York, were characterized for the spring-autumn interval of 8 yr (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) at pelagic and nearshore sites with a scanning electron microscope interfaced with automated image and x-ray analyses (SAX). SAX results were used to estimate the minerogenic scattering coefficient ( Light scattering by particles, a fundamental process regulating radiative transfer in water (Kirk 2011), is important in determining apparent optical properties (AOPs, depend on geometry of the light field) of interest, including clarity (Preisendorfer 1986) and the remote sensing signal (Woźniak and Stramski 2004). The total scattering coefficient (b; m 21 ), corresponding to the integration of the volume-scattering function over all directions (Kirk 2011), quantifies a central feature of the light-scattering regime. b is an inherent optical property, independent of the geometry of the light field. The magnitude and spectral features of the particulate component of scattering, b p (which greatly exceeds that due to water), depend on multiple attributes of a particle population, including the number concentration (N), the particle size distribution (PSD), the composition of the individual particles and their shapes (Babin et al. 2003).The particle populations of aquatic ecosystems are heterogeneous, varying in time and space and differing greatly among systems in response to an array of drivers (Stramski et al. , 2007Peng and Effler 2011). Protocols for resolving the various components of light scattering are needed to understand these differences and dynamics, and to identify their origins and drivers, objectives that are consistent with the reductionist approach advocated by Stramski and co-workers (Stramski et al. 2001(Stramski et al. , 2007 where V is the sample volume, N m is the number of minerogenic particles in a sampled volume of water, and PA m,i is the projected area (m 2 ) of minerogenic particle i. Q bm,i depends on the complex refractive index (m i , function of composition) and size (d i ) of the particle, and the wavelength of light (l). This SAX-Mie approach supports further partitioning of b m into contributions according to size and particularly composition (e.g., clay minerals, quartz, and calcite) of particles Effler 2010, 2011). Early research with the SAX-Mie approach had appropriately focused first on testing the credibility of the forward estimates of b m for a range of particle assemblage conditions (see

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Effler

Peng

2014

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Recent unpublished findings from the Noiraigue karst spring and its catchment in the Swiss Jura Mountains, partly based on earlier studies (17,18), confirm the feasibility of this approach. Compared to the Yverdon area, this site is located at higher altitudes, the land use is different, the unsaturated zone is thicker, the aquifer is recharged by several swallow holes and diffuse infiltration through the soil, and the spring reacts faster and stronger to rainfall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Atteia and coworkers studied the size distribution and chemical-mineralogical composition of colloids and particles from a sinking stream and a connected karst spring (17,18). PSD curves at the spring were composed of two Continuous monitoring of particle-size distribution (PSD), total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, discharge and physicochemical parameters, together with analyses of fecal indicator bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, made it possible to better understand the processes governing pathogen transport in karst groundwater and to establish PSD as indicator for possible microbial contamination of drinking water from karst springs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Particle-Size Distribution As Indicator for Fecal Bacteria Contamination of Drinking Water from Karst Springs

Pronk

Goldscheider

Zopfi

2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

128

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Continuous monitoring of particle-size distribution (PSD), total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, discharge and physicochemical parameters, together with analyses of fecal indicator bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, made it possible to better understand the processes governing pathogen transport in karst groundwater and to establish PSD as indicator for possible microbial contamination of drinking water from karst springs. In the study area near Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland, tracer tests proved connection between a sinking stream draining agricultural land and several springs, 4.8–6.3 km away. Tracing and monitoring results demonstrate that (i) suspended particles (turbidity) in the spring water either originate from remobilization of sediments inside the aquifer (autochthonous) or from the sinking stream and land surface (allochthonous); (ii) allochthonous turbidity coincides with increased E. coli and TOC levels; (iii) PSD makes it possible to distinguish the two types of turbidity; (iv) a relative increase of finer particles (0.9–10 µm) indicates allochthonous turbidity and thus possible fecal contamination. The method permits to optimize water treatment and identify periods when the spring water must be rejected. Findings from other test sites confirm the feasibility of this approach.

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“…Despite continual advancement in sizing technology, e.g., the commercially available Laser In situ Scattering and Transmissometer (LISST, Sequoia Inc., Agrawal and Pottsmith, 2000), it is still difficult to resolve PSDs of PIM and POM, particularly in their natural habitat. This has greatly limited our understanding of particle dynamics and their optical and biogeochemical significance in coastal waters (Gallegos and Menzel, 1987;Risovi c and Martinis, 1994;Atteia et al, 1998;Risovi c, 2002;Davies et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

New insight into particulate mineral and organic matter in coastal ocean waters through optical inversion

Zhang¹,

Stavn²,

Falster³

et al. 2014

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Keywords:particle size distribution suspended mineral and organic matter particle scattering optical inversion volume scattering function fractals a b s t r a c t Suspended particulate inorganic matter (PIM) and particulate organic matter (POM) often exhibit significant variation both spatially and temporally in coastal oceans. The size distributions and optical properties of these particles are poorly known. Utilizing a newly developed inversion technique from the measured angular scattering pattern, we were able to examine POM and PIM in terms of detailed particle size distributions (PSD) and optical volume scattering functions (VSF), gaining further insights and knowledge of particles that will greatly improve biogeochemical investigations and remote-sensing algorithms. We report the results on two extremes or end-members of possible coastal environments, sediment-laden, turbid Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA and biologically productive, clear water Monterey Bay, California, USA. The optically inferred mass concentrations of PIM and POM, when accounting for the fractal nature of suspended particles, agreed well with the respective gravimetric determinations within the analysis and inversion uncertainty. Despite intra-and inter-site variability, the inferred PSDs in both coastal regions commonly showed an apparent background population of PIM at radii <0.6e1 mm overlaid by POM of radii between 2 and 20 mm. The PSDs also saw increased contribution by PIM at radii >50 mm. The clearly distinctive PSDs between PIM and POM provide evidence to support the Risovi c twocomponent model for suspended particulates. The shape of the VSFs, i.e., the scattering phase functions, for POM are similar between the two sites (backscattering ratio z 0.0015), but the PIM in Monterey Bay exhibited a higher backscattering ratio than in Mobile Bay (backscattering ratios 0.012 vs. 0.008, respectively). At both sites, the mass-specific scattering cross section values for PIM (s [PIM] ) are about 70 e80% lower than s [POM] , while the mass-specific backscattering cross section values for PIM (s b [PIM] ) are 10e25% greater than s b [POM] .

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Characterization of natural colloids from a river and spring in a karstic basin

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Particle-Size Distribution As Indicator for Fecal Bacteria Contamination of Drinking Water from Karst Springs

New insight into particulate mineral and organic matter in coastal ocean waters through optical inversion

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