Characterization of Nanostructure of Rusts Formed on Weathering Steel.

Kimura, Masao; Suzuki, Tamaki; Shigesato, Genichi; Kihira, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Shigeru

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.42.1534

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Kimura et al 21) mentioned similar interstitial site for Cr 3þ in the rust layer of a weathering steel. They considered that the octahedra of Cr(O,OH) 6 unit may be formed, but that the unit was strongly deformed or Cr atoms occupy another type of site from Fe atoms.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 96%

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

et al. 2004

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The X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectrum of pure goethite around the Fe K absorption edge and that of the protective rust layer formed on weathering steel exposed for 17 years in an atmospheric environment around the Cr K edge, have been examined using synchrotron radiation X-rays. It was found that the rust layer on the weathering steel mainly consisted of Cr-goethite. By examining the fine structure at the Cr K edge and the Fe K edge, we concluded that Cr 3þ in the rust layer is coordinated with O 2À and is positioned in the double chains of vacant sites in the network of FeO 3 (OH) 3 octahedra in the goethite crystal. This Cr 3þ site indicates that the protective effect of the rust layer is due to the dense aggregation of fine crystals of Cr-goethite with cation selectivity.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 96%

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

et al. 2004

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“…We denote this characteristic as the short-range ordering of a-FeOOH in this paper. The lower peak height for the first neighboring Fe atoms and second neighboring oxygen atoms (but the relative intensity between them is not changed) indicates that the short-range ordering of the Fe-(O,OH) 6 network of a-FeOOH is more distorted in the Crenriched rust than in the Cr-depleted rust.…”

Section: Micro-beam Xafsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2) Moreover, the inner rust layers which are important for corrosion resistance layers are not uniform but have complex distributions of alloyed elements and crystal structures including amorphous phases, as shown by EPMA, 2) Raman spectroscopy, 4) and TEM [5][6][7] data for the rust on weathering steels exposed for more than 10 years. The Fe-K edge XAFS data measured for the powder specimens or bulk specimens have provided little information concerning to these in-homogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few Fe-K XAFS measurements have been carried out on bulk surfaces covered by rust layers 6,7) or on powdered specimens scraped off from corroded steel surfaces. 10) These approaches have provided averaged information on the rust layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the structures of the inner rust layer have been extensively studied. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Various advanced techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy, [2][3][4] transmission electron microscopy (TEM), [5][6][7] and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) [6][7][8][9][10][11] have been applied to reveal the nanostructure of the rust layer in addition to basic optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) techniques. XAFS has played a very important role in understanding the nanostructures of corrosion products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-beam XRF and Fe–K Edge XAFS on the Cross Section of the Rust Layer Formed on a Weathering Steel

Nagoshi¹,

Kawano²,

Kage³

et al. 2011

ISIJ Int.

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Fig. 3. Optical microscopic image with polarized light (a), XRFintensity ratio image Cr-Ka/Fe-Ka measured by microbeam XRF with an energy of 7.8 keV (b), and Cr-Ka Xray intensity mapping measured by EPMA (c) for the cross section of the weathering steel exposed for 38 years. The images in (a), (b), and (c) were obtained from the identical area. EPMA mapping area is denoted by a dashed rectangle in (b). Points and line where XRF and XAFS spectra were recorded are denoted in figure (b).the difference of Cr concentration between the two points. The net intensity ratio of the Cr-Ka peak to the Fe-Ka peak was estimated to about 5 times (point 1) and about 0.4 times (point 2) of that for the steel region. XAFS spectra obtained for the points 1 and 2 are shown in Fig. 4(b) with spectra for the rust powder scraped off from the surface of the specimen and for commercial materials; a-FeOOH and g-FeOOH. X-Ray absorption nearedge structure (XANES) spectra for the rust specimens in Fig. 4(b) are more similar to that for a-FeOOH rather than that for g-FeOOH. This result shows that the chemical states of the main corrosion products are present at the analytical point close to that of a-FeOOH. By comparing the spectra at the photon energies from 7150 to 7350 eV, the spectral shape for point 2 is close to that for the rust powder. The spectral shape for point 1 is slightly different from those for point 2 and the rust powder. This suggests that there are some modifications in the a-FeOOH structure at point 1 where Cr is enriched.Figure 4(c) shows the Fourie transform (FT) derived from k 3 -weighted EXAFS oscillations in the k range of 3-11 (1/Å) for points 1 and 2. The data for the rust powder specimen and the commercial a-FeOOH and g-FeOOH are also shown. The FT corresponds to the radial distribution function (RDF) obtained by XAFS in which the horizontal axis is not corrected by the phase shift. Peaks at about 1.5 Å are attributed to the nearest neighboring oxygen atoms around Fe atoms. The second and third peaks at about 2.7 Å and 3.2 Å have been attributed to the mixture of the first neighboring Fe atom groups and the second neighboring oxygen atom groups.6) The peak shapes of the second and third peaks for the points 1 and 2 are similar to each other and are also similar to those for a-FeOOH. However the relative heights of the second and third peaks normalized to the first peak are significantly different; the peak heights for point 1 with enriched Cr are lower than that for point 2 with depleted Cr. The crystal structure of a-FeOOH consists of ordered edge-sharing and point-sharing of Fe-(O,OH) 6 octahedrons. We denote this characteristic as the short-range ordering of a-FeOOH in this paper. The lower peak height for the first neighboring Fe atoms and second neighboring oxygen atoms (but the relative intensity between them is not changed) indicates that the short-range ordering of the Fe-(O,OH) 6 network of a-FeOOH is more distorted in the Crenriched rust than in the Cr-depleted rust.In Fig. 4(c), the peak heights of the ...

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Enhancing The Possibilities of⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer Spectrometry to Study the Inherent Properties of Rust Layers

García

Barrero

Morales

et al. 2013

Mössbauer Spectroscopy

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Characterization of Nanostructure of Rusts Formed on Weathering Steel.

Cited by 40 publications

References 6 publications

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

Micro-beam XRF and Fe–K Edge XAFS on the Cross Section of the Rust Layer Formed on a Weathering Steel

Enhancing The Possibilities of⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer Spectrometry to Study the Inherent Properties of Rust Layers

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Characterization of Nanostructure of Rusts Formed on Weathering Steel.

Cited by 40 publications

References 6 publications

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

Nanostructure of Protective Rust Layer on Weathering Steel Examined Using Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

Micro-beam XRF and Fe–K Edge XAFS on the Cross Section of the Rust Layer Formed on a Weathering Steel

Enhancing The Possibilities of57Fe Mössbauer Spectrometry to Study the Inherent Properties of Rust Layers

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Enhancing The Possibilities of⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer Spectrometry to Study the Inherent Properties of Rust Layers