Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. africanum isolated from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil

Rabahi, Marcelo Fouad; Conceição, Emilyn Costa; Paiva, Luísa Oliveira de; Souto, Marcos Vinícius Muniz Lemes; Sisco, Maria Carolina; Waard, Jacobus H. de; Caldas, Paulo César de Souza; Montes, Fátima Cristina Onofre Fandinho; Ramos, Jesus Pais; Carvalho, Luciana Distásio de; Campos, Carlos Eduardo Dias; Lima, Karla Valéria Batista; Silva, Sandro Patroca da; Sharma, Abhinav; Robledo, Jaime; Paez, Uriel Alonso Hurtado; Duarte, Rafael Silva; Silva, Marlei Gomes da; Gomes, Lia Lima; Vasconcellos, Sidra Ezídio Gonçalves; Uwezeye, Cecile; Jong, Bouke C. de; Junqueira-Kipnis, Ana Paula; Suffys, Philip Noël

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104550

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Beyond their geographic distribution, MTBC lineages also differ in virulence, transmissibility, association with drug resistance, and the host immune responses they elicit (Peters et al, 2020). There is an increasing notion that MTBC genetic variation should be considered in the development of new antibiotics and vaccines, and when studying the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease (Gagneux, 2017;Peters et al, 2020;Wiens et al, 2018). Yet, much of TB research to date has focused on the laboratory strain H37Rv (belonging to L4) and a few other strains belonging to L2 and L4, because of their broad geographic range, and their association with drug resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim

et al. 2021

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Background: Lineage 1 (L1) and 3 (L3) are two lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) causing tuberculosis (TB) in humans. L1 and L3 are prevalent around the rim of the Indian Ocean, the region that accounts for most of the world’s new TB cases. Despite their relevance for this region, L1 and L3 remain understudied. Methods: We analyzed 2,938 L1 and 2,030 L3 whole genome sequences originating from 69 countries. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of these two lineages and identified genes under positive selection. Results: We found a strongly asymmetric pattern of migration from South Asia toward neighboring regions, highlighting the historical role of South Asia in the dispersion of L1 and L3. Moreover, we found that several genes were under positive selection, including genes involved in virulence and resistance to antibiotics . For L1 we identified signatures of local adaptation at the esxH locus, a gene coding for a secreted effector that targets the human endosomal sorting complex, and is included in several vaccine candidates. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of genetic diversity in the MTBC, and sheds new light on two of the most important MTBC lineages affecting humans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim

et al. 2021

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“…Previous studies indicated that the most common molecular mechanisms in M. tuberculosis have been associated with mutations in the rpoB, katG, inhA promoter, rpsL, rrs and embB genes. [5][6][7][8][9] Mutations in RMP resistant determined region (RRDR) of rpoB is the major cause for RMP resistance, with codons 450, 445 and 435 being the predominant sites. 10 INH resistance is mainly related to the mutations in katG, followed by that in the inhA promoter and oxyR-ahpC intergenic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics Based on Whole Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistant to Four Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs from Southern Xinjiang, China

Anwaierjiang¹,

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

IDR

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Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a major public health problem, especially in the southern region of Xinjiang, China; however, there is little information regarding drug resistance profiles and mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in this area. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of M. tuberculosis resistant to four anti-tuberculosis drugs from this area. Methods: Three hundred and forty-six isolates from the southern region of Xinjiang, China were included and used to perform phenotypic drug susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Mutations in seven loci associated with drug resistance, including rpoB for rifampicin (RMP), katG, inhA promoter and oxyR-ahpC for isoniazid (INH), rrs 530 and 912 loops and rpsL for streptomycin (STR), and embB for ethambutol (EMB), were characterized. Results: Among 346 isolates, 106, 60, 70 and 29 were resistant to INH, RMP, STR and EMB, respectively; 132 were resistant to at least one of the four anti-tuberculosis drugs and 51 were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Beijing genotype and retreated patients showed a significantly increased risk for developing MDR tuberculosis. Compared with the phenotypic data, the sensitivity and specificity for WGS to predict resistance were 96.7% and 98.6% for RMP, 75.5% and 97.1% for INH, 68.6% and 99.6% for STR, 93.1% and 93.7% for EMB, respectively. The most common mutations conferring RMP, INH, STR and EMB resistance were Ser450Leu (51.7%) in rpoB, Ser315Thr (44.3%) in katG, Lys43Arg (35.7%) in rpsL and Met306Val (24.1%) in embB. Conclusion:This study provides the first information on the prevalence and molecular characters of drug resistant M. tuberculosis in the southern region of Xinjiang, China, which will be helpful for choosing early detection methods for drug resistance (ig, molecular methods) and subsequently initiation of proper therapy of tuberculosis in this area.

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“…Additionally, in 2020, a case of M . africanum in a Brazilian woman without association with Africa was reported in Brazil [ 32 ]. Although not all these reports provided whole-genome sequence analysis to assess the existence of transmission clusters, they do evoke the possibility of local transmission of M .…”

Section: Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-causing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium africanum: Knowns and unknowns

Silva

Cá²,

Osório³

et al. 2022

PLoS Pathog

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Tuberculosis (TB), one of the deadliest threats to human health, is mainly caused by 2 highly related and human-adapted bacteria broadly known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium africanum. Whereas M. tuberculosis is widely spread, M. africanum is restricted to West Africa, where it remains a significant cause of tuberculosis. Although several differences have been identified between these 2 pathogens, M. africanum remains a lot less studied than M. tuberculosis. Here, we discuss the genetic, phenotypic, and clinical similarities and differences between strains of M. tuberculosis and M. africanum. We also discuss our current knowledge on the immune response to M. africanum and how it possibly articulates with distinct disease progression and with the geographical restriction attributed to this pathogen. Understanding the functional impact of the diversity existing in TB-causing bacteria, as well as incorporating this diversity in TB research, will contribute to the development of better, more specific approaches to tackle TB.

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Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. africanum isolated from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim

Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim

Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics Based on Whole Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistant to Four Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs from Southern Xinjiang, China

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium africanum: Knowns and unknowns

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